68 HEIGHTS OF BUILDINGS COMMISSION 



fifty-eight districts, known as " residence exceptions," in the residential dis- 

 trict that are exempt from the regulations applicable to the residential dis- 

 trict and in which business is permitted subject to certain conditions. 



The industrial districts vary considerably in shape and size. The largest 

 district has an area of several square miles. At its greatest dimensions, it 

 measures five miles in length and two miles in width. The smallest district 

 comprises one solitary lot. The combined area of the several industrial dis- 

 tricts aggregates not more than one-tenth that of the residential district. The 

 industrial districts are, on the whole, pretty well grouped in one part of the 

 city. 



The " residence exceptions " are all small. The largest is about a half 

 mile square. With this exception no " residence exception " covers a greater 

 area than two city blocks. In most instances these districts do not occupy 

 more than one or two lots. The combined area of the fifty-eight " residence 

 exceptions '* is probably not more than one per cent, of the residential dis- 

 trict. The " residence exceptions " are, however, scattered more widely 

 throughout the residential district than are the industrial districts. 



In general the distinction between the industrial districts and the resi- 

 dential district is this: All kinds of business and manufacturing establish- 

 ments are unrestrained in most of the industrial districts, while certain 

 specified businesses are excluded from the residential district. Those busi 

 nesses not especially excluded are permitted in the residential district. All 

 but the very lightest manufacturing is prohibited in the residential district. 

 The less offensive business and manufacturing establishments excluded from 

 the residential district may be carried on in the " residence exceptions." The 

 owners of sixty per cent of the neighboring property frontage must give 

 their consent to the creation of any " residence exception." 



The constitutionality of the industrial and residential districts in Los 

 Angeles was sustained by the Supreme Court of California in October, 1911, 

 in the case of Ex Parte Quong Wo, 161 Cal. 220, 118 Pac. 714. 



When the city had been districted about 110 Chinese and Japanese 

 laundries found themselves in the residential district. The city immediately 

 undertook to remove them to the industrial districts. The present mayor, 

 Mr. H. H. Rose, then a police judge, upheld the ordinance and sentenced 

 a Chinaman, Quong Wo, to pay a fine of $100 or to serve 100 days in jail. 

 Wo appealed to the Supreme Court of the State, and the ordinance was 

 sustained. 



The petitioner, a native and citizen of China, was charged with having 

 maintained and carried on a public laundrv and wash house within the 

 residential district. He had conducted such laundry and wash house at said 

 location, occupying the premises under a lease which had two years yet 

 to run. 



The court stated that it could not take judicial notice that there had 

 been unjust discrimination in excepting small parcels from the residential 

 district of the city as established bv ordinance, and adding them to the 



