ehodites msm. 41 



pected. According to Paszlavsky * the normal bede- 

 guars originate from three leaflets, and possibly the 

 explanation of the finding of the small more or less 

 abortive galls on a leaf is to be found in the fact that 

 the eggs were laid in one leaf only. 



There is a variety on the Continent which is quite 

 glabrous. I believe I once found it in Scotland, but 

 at the time took it for a curious variety of E. 

 spinosissimm. 



As with most of the species which form many- 

 celled galls, the labour of oviposition is long and 

 laborious. 



The bedeguar was formerly used medicinally, and, 

 according to the late Mr. Ashmead (as quoted by A. 

 Miiller, Zool. s. s., p. 1206), the farmers at Harro- 

 gate gather them to make an infusion for the cure of 

 diarrhoea in cows. 



B. rosse has the <$ , in comparison with the ? , 

 exceedingly rare ; and there can be no doubt, from 

 the observations of Adler (D. E. Z., xxi, 209), that it 

 is parthenogenetic. This also appeared to be the case 

 in America, for, according to Osten Sacken (Proc. 

 Ent. Soc. Phil., 1863, p. 47), out of 200 specimens he 

 only got one <$ . It is attacked by numerous parasites, 

 namely, Porizon harpurus, Gr. ; Hemiteles luteolator 

 (very abundant) ; Torymus longicaudis, Ratz. ; T. pur- 

 puraseens, Fab. ; T. bedeguaris, L. ; T. rosarum, Gir. ; 

 T. macropterus, Eatz. ; Eupelmus Degeeri, Dal. ; Oligo- 

 stenus stigma, Fab. ; Pteromalus fuscipalpis, Foer. ; P. 

 inflexus, Foer.; P. pilosiis, Ratz. ; P.festivus, Foer.; 

 Eurytoma abrotani, 111. ; E. rosse, Nees. ; E. sethiops, 

 Ratz. ; and, as inquiline, Periclistus Brandtii, Htg. 

 Brischke (Schr. d. Naturf. Ges. z. Danzig v.) gives 

 as parasites Eupelmus Bedeguaris, Eurytoma nodularis ; 

 and, as inquiline, Synergus ruficornis, Htg. 



Of universal distribution in Europe ; found also in 

 North America (see Osten- Sacken, Proc. Ent. Soc. 

 Phil., 1863, p. 40). 



* Terms. Piizetk, v. 



