28 SYNOPSIS OF GALLS. 



41 (42) Almost glabrous, whitish-yellow to red, the centre raised, 



the margin turned up, irregular, scattered on leaf, 



N. Iseviusculus. 



42 (41) Covered with stellate hairs ; gregarious. 



43 (44) The sides flat, not distinctly curled up; the top broadly 



concave ; the bottom glabrous, pale yellow, seldom red. 



N. lenticularis. 



4A< (43) The sides curled up ; the top concave ; the bottom pilose ; 



red or brownish-red. N.fumipennis. 



45 (52) Situated on the margin of the leaf, without an inner gall. 



46 (47) Smooth, ovoid, glabrous, seed-like, greenish-yellow. Length 



1 — 2 mm. ; in June and July. Neuroterus albipes. 



47 (46) More or less spindle-shaped or oblong. 



48 (49) Shortly stalked, green, often with red longitudinal lines ; 



the apex ending in a point. Length 6 — 8 mm. ; in October. 



Andricus seminationis. 



49 (48) Not stalked. 



50 (51) The surface granular, shining, greenish-yellow, often red- 



dish, spotted with small pale spots, brownish when old. 

 Length 4 mm. ; in May, on young half-grown leaves. 



Dryophanta verrucosa. 



51 (50) The surface glabrous, irregularly ribbed or keeled longitu- 



dinally, green. Length 4 — 5 mm. ; in June and July, in 

 fully developed leaves' Andricus marginalis. 



52 (53) An irregular, often globular or oval swelling at the base or 



footstalk of the leaf, green, smooth ; a large central 

 cavity, containing a small, brown, ovoid, seed-like, free 

 inner gall. And. curvator. 



53 (54) A small elongate swelling on the midrib or leafstalk. 



Andricus testaceipes and A. noduli. 



54 (53) In the leaf-buds. 



55 (56) Polythalamous, large (often 1 inch in diameter), whitish- 



yellow, soft and spongy, in the terminal buds. May and 

 June. Biorhiza terminalis. 



56 (55) Monothalamous, not spongy in texture. 



57 (62) In twigs on the trunk or near the ground, soft. 



58 (59) Bare, roundish, soft, whitish with reddish cheeks ; usually 



found near the ground among moss in May, on adventi- 

 tious buds. Length 5 — 7 mm. Trigonaspis megaptera. 



59 (58) Pilose, ovate. 



60 (61) Yiolet, sometimes bluish-green, covered with a very short 



velvety pubescence ; in June. 3 mm. 



Dryophanta Taschenbergi. 



61 (60) Greenish or greyish-green, covered with longish white hair ; 



in May and June. 2 mm. D. similis. 



62 (86) In twigs on the branches. 



63 (64) Large, round, greenish to yellow, with red cheeks when 



young, brown when old, not falling off when mature. 

 Length from 10 mm. Cynips Kollari. 



64 (63) Small, dropping off when mature, elongate or ovate. 



65 (68) Covered with hair. 



66 (67) Spindle-shaped ; not pedunculate ; covered densely with 



long, woolly, brownish-white hair. Length 5 — 8 mm. 



Andricus solitarius. 



