120 BIORHIZA TERMINALIS. 



The parasites are rather numerous, but it does not 

 follow that all those bred from the galls prey on ter- 

 minalis, some of them feeding possibly on the inqui- 

 lines. Torymus abdominalis, Boh., = cingulatus, Nees, 

 = cyniphidum, Ratz. ; T. regius, Nees, = inconstans, 

 Walk.; longicaudis, Ratz., = leucopterus, Walk.; T. 

 auratus, Fons., = viridissimus, Boh., = autummalis, 

 Walk., = confinis, Walk., = mutabilis, Walk., =e lep- 

 tocerus, Walk., = minutus, Walk., = muscarum, Nees, 

 = propinquus, Foer. = nanus, Foer., = appropin- 

 quans, Ratz., = gallarum, Ratz. Syntomaspis candata, 

 Nees, = crinicaudis, Ratz. ; Megastigmus dorsalis, F., 

 = Bohemanni, Rtz , = xanthopygus, Foer. ; Eurytoma 

 rosse, Decatoma biguttata, by Brischke, D. immaculata, 

 by Walker, and D. signata, by Ratzeburg ; Eupelmus 

 urozonus, Olinx scianeurus, Rtz., sec. Mayr, = Eue- 

 doreschus, Walk. ; Eulophus gallarum, L. (probably the 

 specimens recorded under this name from these galls 

 are only 0. scianeurus) ; E. agathyllus, Walk. ; E. rami- 

 cornis (Brischke) ; Tetrasticlms Diaphantes, Walk. 

 Walker records the following species of Pteromalus : 

 naubolus, ovatus, domesticus, delectus, fuscipennis, fus- 

 civentris, hilaris, platynotus, planus, decidens, semifas- 

 ciatus, dubius, all described by himself. Ratzeburg gives 

 as parasites, or at least as frequenters of the galls : 

 Pteromalus Gordarii, Ratz. ; meconotus, Ratz. ; steno- 

 notus, Ratz. ; leucopems, Ratz. (?) ; g alliens, Ratz. ; and 

 Dufourii, Ratz. ; Platymesopus Westwoodi, Ratz. ; P. 

 Erichsoni, Ratz. Walker bred a Gerraphon and Inos- 

 tenna Boscii, and Ratzeburg Dendrocerus Lichtensteinii, 

 Walk., all three pertaining to the Oxyura. Various 

 species of Ichneumonidge and Braconidse have been 

 reared, but the majority preyed without doubt on 

 casual dwellers in the galls, namely Pimpla calobata, 

 Gr., P. caudata, Ratz., and P. alternans, Gr. ; Hemi- 

 teles areator, Pz., H. coactus, Ratz., and H. puncta- 

 tus, Ratz. (Ratzeburg) ; Lampronota segmentata, F. ; 

 Gryptus hortulanus, Gr. The Braconidse recorded 

 are : Bracon caudatus, Apanteles breviventris, Ratz. ; 



