BUILDING AND ORNAMENTAL STONES. 487 



the Bay of Fundy. The stone is of fine and even grain, works readily, 

 and has been used both in carved and plain work with excellent effect 

 in New York and neighboring cities. The author has had no oppor- 

 tunity of investigating personally the weathering properties of the 

 stone. By some it is claimed as very durable, while by others it is re- 

 garded as unfit for finely-carved work exposed to the atmosphere. It 

 is probable that sufficient time has not elapsed since its introduction to 

 fully show its qualities, either good or bad. Sandstones of quite simi- 

 lar appearance and of the same geological age are quarried in various 

 parts of Nova Scotia, particularly at Saw Mill Brook, near the head of 

 Pictou Harbor. These are exported to some extent to this country.* 

 Owing to the fact that the Nova Scotia stone was the earliest intro- 

 duced into our market, it has become confounded with that of New 

 Brunswick, which it closely resembles, and it is customary to speak of 

 all stone from this region as " Nova Scotia stone." As noted by Julien, 

 however, full 95 per cent, of the imported material is, in reality, from 

 Westmoreland and Albert Counties, New Brunswick. 



(2) SCOTLAND. 



So far as I am aware, the only Scotch sandstones regularly brought 

 to the United States are the Corsehill stone, from near Annan, in 

 Dumfriesshire ; the Ballochmile stone, from Forfarshire, and a third 

 variety from Gatelaw Bridge, about 30 miles from Ballochmile, in 

 Dumfriesshire. 



Of these the Corsehill stone is of greatest importance. Samples in 

 the Museum collections are of a fine and even grain, distinctly lami- 

 nated, and of a bright red color. The stone is stated by the agents to 

 have been first introduced into this country about 1879, since which it 

 has been quite extensively used for trimmings and general building. 

 It is regarded by Julien t as a durable stone and well adapted for 

 ashlar work, for carving, and for columns. The strength and chemical 

 composition of this stone are given in the tables. 



The other varieties mentioned are of the same general appearance as 

 the Corsehill stone, and are used for the same purposes. 



As these stones are brought chiefly as ballast by vessels sailing from 

 Carlisle, England, they are known commercially as " Carlisle stone," re- 

 gardless of their true source.! 



There are in the Museum collections samples of other Scotch sand- 

 stones from quarries in Morayshire, Nairn, Caithness, Sutherland, and 

 Ross. These are all of a light color and seemingly possess no qualities 

 to warrant their use in preference to materials obtainable nearer home. 



*Dawson, Acadian Geology, p. 345. 

 t Rep. Tenth Census, Vol. X, p. 318. 

 t Julien, loc. cit. 



