ON THE ICHTHYOLOGY OF THE SEAS OF CHINA AND JAPAN. 287 



199. Chinese name, Yen ting (Birch) ; Gan ting, " Cottage nail" (Reeves) ; 



Om ting (Bridgem. Chrest. 197). Icon, piscium 24 a pict. Sin. &c. 

 Hab. Seas of Japan and China. Macao. Philippines. Amboyna. Celebes. Western 

 Australia. Friendly Isles. Indian Ocean. Mauritius. Seychelles and Red sea. Chinese 

 specimens exist in the museum of the Cambridge Philosophical Institution, the British 

 Museum, the Chinese collection at Hyde Park, Haslar Museum, and very commonly in the 

 Chinese insect-boxes. 



Cl arias pulicaris, Richardson, Ichth. of Voy. of Sulph. p. 135. pi. 62. f. 5. 



6. Icon. Reeves, /3. 16 ; Hardw. Malac. 198. Chinese name, Tih sa, 



"Pond louse" (Birch); Tang sih, "Bird-flea" (Reeves); Tong sat 



(Bridgem. Chrest. 198). 



Hab. Canton. Spec. Br. Mus. (Reeves). 



The Macropterote brun of Lacep. v. pi. 2. f. 2. is probably the above species, and not the 

 Clarias fuscus of Sumatra (C. et V. xv. p. 383). 



Clarias hexacicinnus, Lacep. (Macroptero?iotus), v. pp. 84, 88. pi. 2. f. 3. 

 Established on a Chinese painting. 

 Hab. China. 



Clarias abbreviatus, C. et V. xv. p. 386. 



This species resembles Lacepede's C. hexacicinnus in the shortness of its body. 

 Hab. Canton. 



The Cossyphus ater of M'Clelland, Calcutta Journ. (iv. p. 405. pi. 24. f. 3), is apparently 

 an injured example of a fish of this genus. The specimen came from China. 



Tribus ? 



Fam. Cyprinidje. 

 As we know the bulk of the Chinese species of this difficult family chiefly 

 from Mr. Reeves's drawings, the Cuvierian generic groups seem to be better 

 adapted for their description than the minuter subdivisions of more recent 

 ichthyologists, depending as many of them do on anatomical characters. I 

 have compared these drawings carefully with General Hardwicke's numerous 

 figures of Indian Cyprinidce*, and also with the plates of M'Clelland's paper 

 in the 19th volume of the Asiatic Researches for 1839, and am satisfied 

 that the Chinese species are almost wholly different from those of the pe- 

 ninsula of India. Mrs. Bowdich (now Lee) copied for Baron Cuvier many 

 drawings of Chinese fish, some of which are referred to by M. Valenciennes 

 in the sixteenth and seventeenth volumes of the * Histoire des Poissons' which 

 treat of the Cyprinidce. Mr. Brown kindly pointed out to me the drawings 

 she traced from in the Banksian Library. They are kept loose in a port- 

 folio, and are entitled in the Catalogue * Icotfss piscium 24 a pictore Sinensi 

 Cantoni eleganter pictae, fol.' Aided by the dimensions of the tracings noted 

 by M. Valenciennes, and his descriptions of the colours, I have been able to 

 identify most of these drawings with the species named by him ; but as he 

 quotes more of Mrs. Bowdich's tracings of Cyprinidce than there are origi- 

 nals in this small collection, it is evident that she made copies also of the 

 figures in some other Chinese book or collection of drawings ; and M. Va- 

 lenciennes also mentions several figures of Cyprinidce which he saw in the 

 Banksian Library, but which I have not been able to find. 



C/l ^ A rv ro ( Cyprini veri vel cirrhati.) 



Cyprinus atro-virens, Richardson. Icon. Reeves, 116; Hardw. Malac. 7. 

 Chinese name, Hih le, " Black carp" (Reeves, Birch) ; Halt li (Bridgem. 

 Chrest. 15). Length of drawing \\\ inches. 

 The height of the body is a little more than a third of the length, and the back is elevated in 



* There are in all 128 drawings of Cyprinidce in the Hardwickian volumes, of which 65 

 appear from the references on many of them, and the sameness of the style of others, to have 

 been executed by the artists that were employed by Buchanan Hamilton. 



