ON THE ICHTHYOLOGY OF THE SEAS OF CHINA AND JAPAN. 301 



In this drawing only four barbels are shown, and the ventrals are a little farther forward 

 than in anguillicaudatus. The general colour of the body is umber-brown, pretty dark on the 

 back, but paler and with silvery lustre on the sides. The fins are also brown. A considerable 

 number of oblong or roundish black spots are pretty equally scattered over the whole body, 

 and there are more crowded round ones on all the fins except the ventrals. 



Hah. Canton. 



Cobitis h-3ematopterus, Temm. et Schl. F. J. Sieb. Bad. D. 7 ; A. 5 ; 

 C. 16\%; P. 11 ; V.7. (Spec. Br. Mus.5J inches long.) 

 Hah. Japan. 



Fam. ScoPELiNiDiE (Miiller). 



Saurus nehereus, Buchanan Hamilton (Osmerus), Fish of Ganges, p. 209 ; 

 Wana moita, Russell, 171. Salmo microps et Harpodon, Lesueur, Journ. 

 Ac. Sc. of Phil. v. pi. 3. f. 1, la. Saurus ophiodon, Cuv. Regn. Anim. ii. 

 p. 314 ; Descript. of Anim. p. 192. fig. 160 ; Icon. Reeves, a. 18 ; Hardw. 

 Malac. 207 (et 208, 209, dr. of Osmerus nehereus of India). Chinese 

 name, Kow too, "A dog vomiting" (Birch); Kou tza, "Dogs' guts" 

 (Reeves) ; Kau to u (Bridgem. Chrest. 164). Bad. D. 12; A. 15 (vel 

 13-14); C. 17f ; P. 9; V. 9. (Spec. Coll. Surg.) 



The British Museum possesses a Canton specimen of this fish, presented by Mr. Reeves, 

 and there are many in the museum of the College of Surgeons, which were sent from Woosung 

 by Capt. Sir Everard Home, Bart., R.N. Mr. Reeves mentions that this is the species which 

 is exported from Bombay in a dried state, and sold in London under the name of " Bombay 

 ducks." In Mr. Reeves's drawing, a long spinous-looking prolongation of the suboperculum 

 is shown, which seems to have originated in some mistake of the artist, as there is no trace 

 of it in the specimen. The skin is naked, except the lateral line, which is protected by mo- 

 derately-sized tiled scales, which are more crowded posteriorly and run out on the caudal, 

 forming a middle point or lobe which is shorter than the side. The largest specimen we have 

 examined is eleven inches long. 



Hah. Sea of China. Indian ocean. Chusan. Woosung. Canton. 



Saurus lemniscatus, Lacepede (VOsmere galonne), v. p. 230. 238. pi. 6. 

 f. 1. Saurus elegans, Gray, Cat. Brit. Mus. Icon. Reeves, 188 ; Hardw. 

 Malac. 206. Length of drawing 9 inches. 



This drawing resembles Salmo /ceteris, Bl. 384. f. 2, more than any other Saurus of which 

 we have seen a figure. It has the same very short obtuse snout, short pectorals, forward ven- 

 trals and long anal, but S.fcetens has an unspotted body and is an inhabitant of the Atlantic. 

 Lacepede's figure of lemniscatus is rude, but his description of the patterns of the markings 

 answers exactly to Mr. Reeves's drawing, though the colours are not the same. His plate and 

 his description are both founded upon a drawing on vellum by Plunder, and it is very pro- 

 bable that in the lapse of time the colours may have undergone considerable change, assu- 

 ming that they were perfectly correct in the first instance. 



In Mr. Reeves's drawing, the ground-colour on the top of the back is lemon-yellow, which 

 is thickly speckled with irregular spots of brownish-red and umber-brown ; on the sides the 

 yellow forms about four longitudinal stripes, alternating with purplish-red ones, the latter 

 becoming broader and changing to crimson on the belly. The head is mostly of the purplish- 

 red tint, and there is a black spot on the supra-scapular. The dorsal, ventrals and anal are 

 transparent and faintly crimson, with one yellow bar on the ventrals and two or three on the 

 dorsal. The dorsal is yellowish at the base and blackish-gray on its posterior border. The 

 cheeks and body are scaly, but no scales are shown on the gill-cover. 



Hah. Sea of China. 



Saurus vaUiegatus, Commerson in Lacepede (Salmone varie), v. p. 157- 

 224. pi. 3. f. 1. Icon. Reeves, 187 ; Hardw. Malac. 205. Chinese name, 

 Hwa kow kwan, " Flowery dog stick" (Birch) ; Fa kow kwan, " Painted 

 dog stick" (Reeves). Bad. B. 12 ; D. 13 ; A. 7, last one divided to the 

 base ; P. 15 ; V. 8. (Spec. Brit. Mus.) 



A Chinese specimen was presented to the British Museum by Mr. Reeves. The teeth of 

 the upper jaw are small, unequal in height, and disposed in two rows; the lower jaw ones 

 are longer, hastate, and in three or four rows. The teeth which arm the palatine bones are 



