404 SILUMD-E. 



behind. Adipose dorsal 3 times as long as deep, 3J times as long as its 

 distance from rayed dorsal. Anal V 7, pointed in front. Pectoral 

 spine as long as head, strongly serrated on both sides. Ventral 

 reaching origin of anal. Caudal deeply forked, both lobes produced 

 into a filament. Caudal peduncle as long as deep. Uniform brown. 



Total length 340 millim. 



Niger. 

 1. Tvpe. Lokoja, Upp. Niger. J. S. Budgett, Esq. (P.). 



6. SYNODONTIS SCHALL. 



Schall, Sonnini, Toy. Egypte, ii. p. 278, pi. xxi. fig. 2 (1799). 



Silurus schall, Bloch-Schneid. Syst. Ichth. p. 385 (1801). 



Pimelodus clarias, Geoffr. Descr. Egypte, Poiss. pi. xiii. figs. 3 & 4 (1809). 



Synodontis clarias, I. Geoffr. op. cit. p. 316 (1827). 



Synodontis mandosus, Riipp. Beschr. n. Fische Nil, p. 10, pi. in. fig. 1 (1829), 



Synodontis arabi, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. xv. p. 261 (1840). 



Synodontis schall, Hyrtl, Denkschr. Ak. Wien, xvi. 1859, p. 16 ; Giintb. Oat. Fish. 



v. p. 212 (1864), and Petherick's Trav. ii. p. 235 (1862) ; Steind. Sifzb. Ak. 



Wien, lxi. i. 1870, p. 533 ; Vaill. N. Arch. Mus. (3) viii. 1896, p. 121, & vii. 



pi. x. fig. 7 ; Gunth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 221, fig.; Pfeff. Thierw. 



O.-Afr., Fische, p. 36 (1896) ; Viucig. Ann. Mus. Geneva, (2) xix. J89S, 



p. 246 ; Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvii. 1906, p. 566, and Fish. Nile, 



p. 353, pi. lxir. (1907). 

 Hemi synodontis schall, Bleek. Nedcrl. Tijdschr. Dierk. i. 1863, p. 55. 

 Leiosynodontis maculosus, Bleek. 1. c. 

 Synodontis smithii, Gunth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 222, pi. ix. ; Vincig. I. c. 



Depth of body 3 to 4 times in total length, length of head 34- to 4 

 times. Head l^- to If times as long as broad, little broader than deep, 

 rugose above behind snout, which is rounded and as long as or shorter 

 than postocular part of head ; eye supero-lateral, 4^ (young) to 8 times 

 in length of head, If to 2^ times in interorbital width ; lips moderately 

 developed ; prsemaxillary teeth forming a short and broad band ; 

 movable mandibular teeth not more than \ diameter of eye, 24 to 36 

 in number. Maxillary barbel with a narrow marginal membrane at 

 base, 4- to 1§ times length of head, reaching between base and posterior 

 fifth of pectoral spine ; outer mandibular barbel about twice as long as 

 inner, former with long, slender branches, latter with shorter branches, 

 with tubercular ramifications. Gill-openings not extending downwards 

 beyond root of pectoral spine. Occipito-nuchal shield rough like the 

 occiput, obtusely tectiform, H to 2 times as long as broad, with posterior 



