248 g.angetic fishes. Order V. 



The head is of a moderate size, oval, and sharp, and a ridge 

 bounds its sides. The mouth, situated behind the extremity of 

 the nose, is small and horizontal. The upper jaw has a notch at 

 the end, and is longer than the under one, which is sharp-point- 

 ed. The bones of the upper lip are very short, and entire on the 

 •edges. The aperture of each nostril is circular, and close to the 

 jaw. The eyes are large and high. The gill-covers are rounded 

 behind and shining, and expose to view their membranes, each 

 containing five rays, of which the two uppermost are flat. 



The scales are small, flexible, and easily removed. The back 

 slopes towards each end from the commencement of the fin, 

 before which it forms a sharp ridge. The belly is arched. The 

 lateral line runs straight above the middle of the side, and is 

 accompanied by a stripe of silver brighter than the rest of the 

 side. 



The dorsal fin slopes backward. The first of its rays is short 

 and undivided, and the others are branched. The pectoral fins 

 are short and sharp above, each containing fifteen rays. The 

 ventral fins are very small, each having eight rays, of which the 

 extreme ones are undivided. The fin behind the vent extends 

 the greater length of the tail, and slopes backward. The fin of 

 the tail is divided into two unequal lobes, the inferior being 

 longest. It has nineteen distinct rays, besides some short com- 

 pacted ones on each side. 



4th Species. — Clupanodon chapra. 



A Clupanodon with seventeen rays in the fin of the back, 

 and twenty-four in that behind the vent; and with a black 

 spot on each shoulder. 



This small fish, found in the upper parts of the Ganges, so 

 nearly resembles the species last described, that I noted mere- 

 ly its specific characters. 



