Cyprinus. gangetic fishes. 307 



smooth, with a small tubercle between the nostrils, as in the 

 last species, but less strongly marked. There is a minute ten- 

 dril from each corner of the mouth, and two from the middle 

 of the nose. The mouth is low, and extends straight back. 

 The jaws protrude in opening, the under one being shortest. 

 Both the lips are fleshy and rounded, nor is the under one re- 

 flected. The nostrils are near the eyes. The eyes are high, 

 and of moderate size. The gill-covers are not margined be- 

 hind with a membrane, but expose to view their proper mem- 

 branes. 



The back slopes from the fin forward, and there forms a 

 sharpish ridge. The vent is behind the middle. The lateral 

 line bends down from the shoulder. The scales adhere firmly, 

 and are rounded, those of the lateral line terminating in a small 

 notch. Above each ventral fin is a scale-like appendant. 



The dorsal fin occupies the middle of the back ; the three 

 first of its rays are small, and the fourth is a very large undivid- 

 ed bone ; the others are branched, and the last of them divid- 

 ed to the root. The pectoral fins are low, shorter than the 

 head, and sharp above, each having about seventeen rays. 

 The ventral fins do not extend to the vent, and each has nine 

 rays. The anal fin is near the vent ; the three first of its rays 

 are undivided, the second being longer than the first, and 

 shorter than the third ; the others are branched, and the last 

 divided to the root. The tail fin is divided into two lobes, and 

 has nineteen distinct rays, besides short compacted ones. 



44th Species. — Cyprinus sarana. 

 A proper Cyprinus, with four tendrils ; with ten rays in the 

 fin of the back, the longest of the rays being indented behind; 

 with eight rays in the fin behind the vent ; with large scales ; 



