86 SYNGNATHIDJS. 



dorsal ridges strong. Snout as long as postocular part of head ; 

 operculum without ridges. Dorsal 53-62, on 12 or 13 rings, 4 or 5 of 

 which belong to the trunk. Otherwise as in the preceding species. 



Total length 145 millim. 



Madagascar; Java. — Types in Leyden Museum. 

 1-2. Ad. Madagascar. M. Majastre (C). 



4. SYNGNATHUS. 



Artedi, Synon. Pise. p. 1 (1738), part. ; A. Dum. Hist. Poiss. ii. p. 543 (1876) ; 

 Giinth. Cat. Fish. viii. p. 155 (1870) ; Uuncker, Mittli. Nat. Mus. Hanib. 

 xxix. 1912, p. 23G. 



Body slender, much elongate, with more or less distinct ridges, the 

 dorsal lateral edge of the trunk not continuous with that of the tail. 

 The whole or greater part of the dorsal fin on the tail ; anal much 

 reduced. Pectoral and caudal fins present. Brood-pouch of the male 

 under the tail, the eggs covered by dermal folds meeting on the median 

 line. 



Seas of the temperate and tropical regions, a few species in fresh 

 water. Of the latter, four occur in Africa : — 



I. Lateral line and upper caudal ridge not continuous. 

 Operculum crossed by a straight ridge ; snout 



much longer than postocular part of head ; 



bony rings 14+33-34; D. 25-27 . . . . 1. S. kavpi, Blkr., p. 86. 

 Operculum crossed by a straight ridge ; snout 

 as long as postocular part of head; bony 

 rings 15 + 37 ; D. 29 2. S. ansorgii, Blgr., p. 87. 



II. Lateral line and upper caudal ridge continuous. 

 Operculum crossed by a straight ridge ; snout 



as long as postocular part of head ; bony 



rings 13 + 35; D. 25 3. S. pulcheUus, Blgr.j p. 88. 



A short ridge on anterior part of operculum ; 

 snout as long as or a little longer than post- 

 ocular part of head ; bony rings 15-16 + 

 33-35 ; D. 27-29 i. S. ahjeriensis, Playf., p. SS. 



1. SYNGNATHUS KAUPI. 



Bleck. Nat. Verb. Vet, Haarlem, xviii. 1863, no. 2, p. 24, pi. iv. fig. 2 ; A. Dum. 

 Hist. Poiss. p. 547 (1870) ; Giinth. Cat. Fish. viii. p. 174 (1870) : Steind. 

 Notes Leyd. Mus. xvi. 1894, p. S'.K 



Head and body about § of total length; bony rings 14 + 33-34, 



