PITHECANTHROPUS ERECTUS. 



459 



This tree is partly an expansion of that of the primates as given by 

 Haeckel. 1 To Dryopithecus I have, according to Gandry's recent 

 view, 2 given a place between the Oercopithecidit and the Simiidae. As 

 I have already stated in my first description, I regard as the progenitor 

 of all anthropoid apes Protohylobates, a highly generalized hypothetical 

 form, which, as well as its nearest living relatives, Hylobates, retained, 

 along with many human peculiarities, yet many characters from its 

 monkey-like ancestors that came lower in the scale. As immediate 



rCercopithecida* {TyldbaUa Sxmia K(. 



AnthTopqpithecus Gorilla 



Arckipdhecus 



ElG. 4. — Family tree of man and apes. 



ancestor of Pithecanthropus I have placed Pal?eopithecus of the Siwalik 

 strata. In this also, as I have convinced myself after a careful exami- 

 nation of the type specimen in the museum at Calcutta, are the char- 

 acters of Hylobates mingled with those of man. We first find in 

 Pithecanthropus erectus a form in which the human characters 

 preponderate. 



1 E. Haeckel, Systematische Phylogenie cler Wirbelthiere, Berlin, 1895, p. 601. 



2 A. Gandry, Comptes rend.ua de 1'Academie des Sciences, T. 110, Paris, 1890, pp. 

 373-376. 



