506 FRESH-WATER BIOLOGICAL STATIONS OF THE WORLD. 



society. The work on Lake Lucerne and Lake Constance is already 

 far advanced, and other lakes are under preliminary examination. 



To Bohemia belongs the honor of having had the first definite build- 

 ing for lacustrine investigations in the form of the Bohemian Portable 

 Laboratory, which was constructed in 1888, under the direction of Pro- 

 fessor Fritsck, of the University of Prague. Reference has already 

 been made to the early work of this investigator, who, in 1871, reported 

 to the Academy of Sciences in Prague the results of his investigations on 

 Black Lake, a small body of water in the Bohemian forest, with reference 

 to the distribution of animals according to the depth of the water and 

 their relation to the shore. These investigations, which were extended 

 to other lakes in the same year, are, I believe, the first, at least to be 

 recorded, that were carried out in this way. It was, however, in 1888 

 before Fritsch succeeded in obtaining funds for a small portable zoolog- 

 ical laboratory having some 12 square meters of floor surface. The 

 station remained at its first location four years, and was replaced by a 

 permanent structure, when it was removed to another locality. This 

 portable laboratory has been regularly visited at brief intervals of time 

 by the director and his associates in the three localities at which it has 

 been situated during the last ten years, and the contributions from this 

 work constitute most valuable studies on the lacustrine biology of 

 Bohemia. 



In Piniand there exists the laboratory of Esbo-Lofo, on one of the 

 small islands which, though primarily a marine station, is so favorably 

 located with reference to bodies of fresh water that it has devoted a 

 considerable portion of its energy to the investigation of the fresh- water 

 fauna with valuable results. This laboratory, which is closely allied 

 with the zoological museum of the University of flelsingfors, has been 

 maintained since 1889 under the direction of Dr. K. M. Levander. Its 

 contributions are published in the Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora 

 Fennica. One of its workers, Dr. Stenroos, has for several years indi- 

 vidually visited Lake Nurmijiirvi, one of the small inland lakes with 

 which Finland is so plentifully supplied; it is a body of water which, 

 though it is about 2.5 kilometers in length by 1 in width, has a maxi- 

 mum depth of only 1 meter. He has given us a very complete faunistic 

 and biologic study of its life. 



Eussia has recently established a station on Glubokoe Osero, or Deep 

 Lake, in the province of Moscow, under the patronage of the Imperial 

 Russian Society for Fish Culture. The station is under the direction 

 of Professor Zograf, of Moscow University, whose contributions to 

 lacustrine investigation have been made known, especially in a paper 

 on the lake regions of Russia, from the biologic standpoint, which was 

 read before the International Zoological Congress in 1893. I infer that 

 the station is a permanent one, and probably of a technical character, 

 although precise information on these points has not been obtained. 

 Hungary has maintained for some years a lacustrine station on Lake 



