REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 49 



At the beginning of the fiscal year Dr. Gatschet was engaged in elaborating the 

 large body of Shawano linguistic material described in preceding reports. This 

 work was continued until the end of September, and a large number of lexic and 

 grammatic elements were extracted and arranged on cards. In connection with this 

 work Dr. Gatschet prepared an ethnographic sketch of the Shawano for incorpora- 

 tion in the cyclopedia of Indian tribes and carried forward his comparative tabu- 

 lation of the phonetics, grammar, etymology, and syntaxes of all the Algonquian 

 dialects. Special attention was given to this comparative work throughout the 

 remaining portion of the year. During June particular attention was given to the 

 Peoria linguistics, which Dr. Gatschet has continued to elaborate in connection with 

 his comparative work on the Algonquian languages. The studies and comparisons of 

 this material indicate that it is in condition for publication so far as the vocabulary 

 is concerned, though further material will be required before the grammar can be 

 perfected. There is now in the Bureau archives a large body of carefully selected 

 material relating to the Algonquian languages, collected mainly through Dr. 

 Gatschet's persevering industry. Considerable portions of the material are substan- 

 tially ready for publication; but it seems desirable, before sending the matter to 

 the press, to extend researches concerning certain of the dialects and to introduce 

 the whole by a discussion of the modes of development and the means of dialectic 

 differentiation. A part of the Director's work during the year was contributed 

 toward such an introduction and discussion. 



Mr. J. N. B. Hewitt was occupied during a part of the year in transcribing in 

 form for publication the Tubari vocabulary collected during the last fiscal year by 

 Dr. Carl Lumholtz, and in making comparative studies of this and other material 

 obtained by Dr. Lumholtz and other explorers and ethnologists in southwestern 

 United States and Mexico. The task of preparing the Tubari material for publica- 

 tion proved to be great, but was nearly completed during the fiscal year; when ready 

 for printing, the monograph will be an unique and invaluable record of a once 

 numerous tribe, now nearly extinct. 



At intervals during the year Mr. Hewitt was engaged in a comparative study of 

 the pronoun as used by various Indian tribes. The pronoun is an important element 

 in primitive speech, and has received much attention from linguists and philologists 

 in many parts of the world. The archives of the Bureau now afford a more extended 

 basis for research concerning this element than is known to exist elsewhere, and this 

 material has been used efficiently and successfully by Mr. Hewitt in his researches. 



Although the discussion of the subject was well advanced at the close of the fiscal 

 year, it was not yet in form for publication. 



MYTHOLOGY. 



Mrs. Matilda Coxe Stevenson, whose unfortunate state of health has somewhat 

 impeded the progress of her researches, continued the revision of notes and the final 

 writing of manuscript for her report on the Zuni Indians. This elaborate report has 

 been in preparation several months. In view of the great number and interest of 

 the ceremonials and the significant nature of the beliefs of the Zuni Indians, it is 

 thought desirable to spare no pains in making it as nearly exhaustive as possible, 

 and thus all details of ceremonial and belief are receiving attention, necessarily at 

 considerable expense in time. 



Mr. Frank Hamilton Cushing, although not completely restored to health, has 

 been engaged in interesting researches concerning the significance of the arrow in 

 primitive thought, custom, and symbolism. Recent investigations of games of 

 divination, American and Oriental, by Mr. Stuart Culin (with whom Mr. Cushing 

 has in some measure cooperated) and by other students in this country and abroad, 

 have shown that among many primitive peoples games are conducted ceremonially 

 rather than for amusement, and that the games are commonly divinatory. The 

 researches have shown also that the arrow, either in itself or by symbol, is an essen- 

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