394 



TflE COMPOSITION OF EXPIRED AIR. 



injection did not exceed 40 to 50 c. c. the time occupied by the injection 

 was from six to fifteen minutes. Experiments made by injections upon 

 the dog were negative without exception. Experiments made upon 

 the rabbit produced lesions, but the relation between these and the 

 injections is uncertain. 



Dastre and Loye, in 1888 (13), reported that they had exposed one 

 dog to the expired breath of another for six hours without noting 

 any effects. They inoculated animals with the condensed moisture 

 of respiration, as follows: 



Animals. 



Quantity of 

 fluid. 



Results. 





Cubic centi- 

 meters. 



33 to 75 

 5 to 7 



30 to 53 

 2 to 3 



00 to 190 

 a 30 



Negative. 



Do. 



Do. 



Do. 1 

 Died. 



Do. 



Two guinea pigs (each) 











a Of water. 



They found that 50 to 70 c. c. of the condensed fluid of respiration (20 

 to 35 c. c. per kilogram) could be injected into the veins of the ear of 

 a dog without producing any of the symptoms reported by Brown- 

 Sequard and d'Arsonval. They observed one death during the injec- 

 tion of 190 c. c. (60 c. c. per kilogram), yet by control experiments with 

 water they obtained a more remarkable result — a rapid death from the 

 injection of 30 c. c. of distilled water (25 c. c. per kilogram). 



Russo-Giliberti and Alessi, in 1888 (14), reported experiments con- 

 firming the results obtained by Dastre and Loye. 



Brown-Sequard and d'Arsonval, in 1889 (15), reported a new form of 

 experiment, by means of which they obtained additional evidence in 

 support of their former statements. The new form of experiment 

 consisted in confining animals (rabbits) in a series of metallic cages con- 

 nected by means of rubber tubing, through which a constant current 

 of air is aspirated. The animal in the last cage of the series receives 

 air that has traversed the entire series of cages, and is loaded with the 

 impurities from the lungs of the animals in the other cages. This 

 animal succumbs, after a time, to the atmospheric conditions present. 

 After another interval of some hours the animal in the next to the last 

 cage also dies, the first and second animals usually remaining alive. 

 They could not attribute the death of these animals to excess of car- 

 bonic acid iR the atmosphere of the cages, because they rarely found 

 more than 3 per cent of this gas in the last jar with small animals, or 

 6 per cent with larger animals. On placing absorption tubes contain- 

 ing concentrated H 2 S0 4 between the last two cages, the animal in the 

 last cage remained alive, while that in the cage before it was the first 

 to die. They concluded from these facts that the death of the animals 



