COMPULSORY MIGRATIONS IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN. 525 



DISTRICT II. 



In leaving the first and most diversified of our districts, we can name 

 only a single instance of a compulsory voyage, which forms a bridge 

 across the region of calms to 'the group of islands mentioned in the 

 introduction as belonging to the second district. It is a fact that an 

 inhabitant of the Kingsmill Islands was once driven to Eotumah. ' An 

 inhabitant of this latter island was carried to Samoa, and this voyage 

 must have lasted not less than three months. Another Eotumah man 

 reached Viti. Almost the opposite voyage, in a little more easterly 

 direction, was made by Kow Muela, a Tongan, who had gone with a 

 band of young men to the Yiti Islands on an expedition. After he had 

 harassed this archipelago for two years he sailed for Tonga, but at 

 Vavau encountered unfavorable winds and was compelled to shape his 

 course for Samoa, but reached Fotuna, 2 lying to the northwest. All 

 the other accidental voyages in our present district show a common 

 noteworthy characteristic — they all, with slight modifications, take the 

 same main direction from west to east. 



Cook and the Forster brothers noticed the kinship which the inhabit- 

 ants of certain islands of the New Hebrides showed to the Tongans 

 and Samoans, but there was no attested fact which could have explained 

 the necessity of such a relation. The second voyage 3 which Captain 

 Bligh's boat, after his landing in Toto, made in a westerly direction — 

 it finally landed at Timor — sufficiently proves that compulsory migra- 

 tions from central Polynesia do take place for considerable distances 

 with the trade winds. Of course, in such occurrences the Viti Archi- 

 pelago could not remain exempt, and, in fact, through the reception of 

 Tongan blood, a mixed race has been formed, which occupies the wind- 

 ward side of these islands, and about 200 pure Tongans also live on this 

 group. 4 Here, it is true, the normal relations of traffic also exist, and 

 the Tongan boat building in Viti, etc., must not be overlooked. It is 

 the eastern winds which drive them there. Lakemba became their prin- 

 cipal settlement, and when the missionaries arrived there were three 

 Tongan colonies on this island. 5 But Tongans and Samoans were also 

 driven still farther westward. Thus Erskine found in Nengone three 

 descendants of Tongans who had been swept ashore there many years 

 before in several canoes by a strong wind. 6 Turner, who remained a 



1 Waitz : Anthropologic der Naturvolket, V, page 20. Polack : Narr. II, page 427. 

 D'Urville, V, page 362. Dillon, I, page 294. 

 2 Mariner: Tonga, Neue Bibliothek der Reisen, Bd. XX, page 276. 



3 Expedition of the Xovara, II, page 229, two volumes, by B. v. Miillerstorf-Urbair. 

 Bligb : Voyage in the Pacific; Account of the Mutiny. 



4 Cruise of the Curasao, page 140. At Home in Fiji, by G. Gumming, II, page 289. 

 B Ten Months in the Fiji Islands, by Smythe, page 124. 



6 The Islands of the Western Pacific, page 373, Meinicke: Die Inseln des Stillen 

 Ozean, I, page 375, note 14. 



