310 



THE ANIMAL AS A PRIME MOVER. 



established at Elmira, and in contrast, other standards established 

 by Playfair and Voit for adults in general, and for inmates of penal 

 institutions. 



II.— IDEAL AND ACTUAL PENAL DIETARIES. 



Nutrients. Grams 



Potential Energy, Calories 



Reformatory Standard Daily Ration ...» 



Actual Upper First Grade Dietary , 



Actual Lower First Grade Dietary 



Actual Second Grade Dietary 



Playfair's Standard for adults, moderate exercise . . 

 Voit's Standard for laboring men at moderate work 



Voit's Standard for prisoners in idleuess 



Voit's Standard for prisoners at work 



Exact figures corresponding to these lines are presented herewith: 



III.— ANALYSES OF ENERGY STORAGE. 





Nutrients, in grams. 



Potential 

 energy 



in 

 calories. 



Protein. 



T^+ Carbo- 

 ±aT,s - [hydrates. 



Refractory standard dietary daily ration ] 



Actual upper first-grade ration 



Actual second-grade ration 



Playfair's standard for adults, moderate exer- 



119 

 167 

 154 

 154 



119 



118 



85 

 105 



61 

 75 

 69 

 69 



51 



56 



30 

 40 



556 

 810 

 794 

 776 



531 



500 

 300 

 500 



3,334 

 4,696 

 4,524 

 4,452 



3, 140 



3,050 



1, 857 

 2 852 



Yoit's standard for laboring men at moderate 



Voit's standard for prisoners in idleness 





1 AH food supplies are issued according to this standard dietary, except bread ; which is unlimited. 

 The average consumption of bread per man is somewhat in excess of one and one-half rations per meal, 

 thus accounting for ihe increase in value of the actual ration over that of the standard dietary, 

 which conforms very nearly in food values to the standards of Voit and Playfair. 



An excess above 000 grams, 3,000 calories, 12,000 British thermal 

 units, may probably be taken as representing waste in most cases; it 

 is certainly exceptional. Deficiency is as probably indicated where the 

 weight is less than two-thirds this figure. 



The quantity of energy supplied, where the method and material of 



