PROCESSES OF LIFE REVEALED BY THE MICROSCOPE. 395 



Foster, M. Text Book of Physiology. (New York and London, 1895.) 



In this work there is stated very clearly what is known and what is not known concerning 

 the processes of life. 



Gagk, Simon H. The Limitations and Value of Histological Investigation. Pro- 

 ceedings Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., Vol. XXXIV (1885), pp. 345-349. 



In this paper is pointed out the necessity of studying function as well as structure in histo- 

 logical investigations if anything like a complete understanding of a tissue or organ is obtained. 



Gould, George M. The Meaning and Method of Life. 297 pages. (New York, 

 1893.) 



This is a most stimulating and inspiring work. The quotation in this address is from it. 



Hektwig, Oscar. The Cell Outlines of General Anatomy and Physiology. Trans- 

 lated by M. and edited by H. J. Campbell. Pp. 368, 168 illustrations. (London 

 and New York, 1895.) 



Dr. Hertwig lays special stress on the function of the structural elements. 



Hodge, C. F. A Microscopical Study of Changes Due to Functional Activity in 

 Nerve Cells. Journal of Morphology, Vol. VII (1892), pp. 95-168. Two plates. 

 In this paper and the next are given the facts on which the statements concerning the changes 

 in nerve cells mentioned in this address are based. There is also in this an excellent resume of 

 what is known of structural appearances due to vital activity in gland cells. 



Hodge, C.F. Changes in Ganglion Cells from Birth to Senile Death, observations 

 on Man and the Honey Bee. Journal of Physiology, Vol. XVII, pp. 129-134. 

 One plate. 



Howell, W. H. The Physiology of Secretion. The Reference Handbook of the 

 Medical Sciences (N. Y., 1888), pp. 363-379. 



In this article Dr. Howell gives a very admirable account of secretion ; and bearing upon the 

 dissimilarity of living and lifeless things says that something more than simple physical law is 

 necessary to explain the differences. 



Kingsbury, B. F. The Histological Structure of the Enteronof Necturus maculatus. 

 Proceedings of the American Microscopical Society, Vol. XVI (1894), pp. 21-64. 

 Eight plates. 



In this paper the structural appearances accompanying activity in the enteric epithelium are 

 descrihed and figured. 



Langley, J. N. On the Histology and Physiology of the Pepsin Forming Glands. 

 Philos. Trans., pp. 663-711 (1881). 



Metchnikoff, Elias. Lectures on the Comparative Pathology of Inflammation, 

 delivered at the Pasteur Institute in 1891. Translated from the French by F. A. 

 and E. H. Starling. Pp. 218, three colored plates and 65 figures in the text. 

 (London, 1893.) 



"My principal object in writing this book is to show the intimate connection that exists 

 between pathology and biology properly so called." Author's preface. For the purposes of the 

 preceding address the parts of the book showing the activities of unicellular organisms, their 

 attraction and repulsion by various agents, and the action of the leucocytes in ridding the body 

 of hurtful or clogging matter are of especial importance. 



Sedgwick, Wm. T., and Wilson, E. B. An introduction to general biology, p. 231, 

 105 figs. 2d edition (N. Y., 1895.) 



This work emphasizes the physiological side of the organism, and the first chapters discuss 

 with clearness and force the characters of living things. 



Thomson, Sir Wm. (Lord Kelvin). — On the Dissipation of Energy. Fortnightly 

 Review, vol. 57 (1892), pp. 313 to 321. 



In this paper may be found the quotation given in this address and also the statement of Liebig. 



Tait, P. G. Properties of Matter with an Appendix on Hypotheses as to the Con- 

 stitution of Matter, by Professor Flint, D. D. (Edinburgh, 1885). Pp. 320. 



