SOME QUESTIONS OF NOMENCLATURE. 



477 



But gradually suborders, subfamilies, and subgenera were taken up. 

 Further, the word "tribe" was often used, bat with different applica- 

 tions. Still other divisions were occasionally introduced, but the most 

 elaborate of all the schemes for gradation of the groups of the animal 

 kingdom were those proposed by Bleeker ' and Haeckel. 2 They are 

 reproduced in the followiug parallel columns, in which their applica- 

 tions to fishes and mammals are likewise shown: 



Vertebrata 



Phylum 







Pachycardia 



Subphylum 







Allantoidia 



Gladus 

 Subcladns 







Mammalia 



Classis 



Classis 



Pisces 



Monodelphia 



Subclassis 



Subclassis 



Monopnoi 







Divisio 



Dirhinichthyes 



Deciduata 



Legio 



Legio 



Eleutherognathi 



Discoplacentalia 



Sublegio 



Sublegio 



Ctenobranchii 







Series 



Isopleuri 







Subseries 



Kanonikodermi 







Phalanx 



Alethinichthyes 







Snbphalanx 



Neopoiesichthyes 







Caterva 



Katapieseocephali 



Eodentia 



Ordo 



Ordo 



Percce 





Subordo 



Subordo 



Per etch thy ini 



[sic!] 



Myomorpha 



Sectio 

 Subsectio 



Sectio 



Paristemipteri 







Tribus 



Per eichthytni 



[sic !] 



Murina 



Familia 



Familia 



Percoidei 





Subfamilia 



Subfamilia 



Percceformes 



Arvicolida 



Tribus 



Cohors 





Sypudcei 



Stibtribus 



Stirps 





Arvicola 



Genus 



Genus 



Perca 





Subgenus 







Paludicola 



Cohors 

 Subcohors 







Arvicola amphib 



- Species 



Species 



Perca fluviatilis 



ius 



Subspecies 







Arvicola (amphib 



- Varietas 







ius) terrestris 









Arvicola (amphib 



- Subvarietas 







ius terrestris 



) 







argentoratensis 









Here we have a total of 31 categories intermediate between the king- 

 dom and the individual of an animal form. The tools have become too 

 numerous, and some were rarely used by the authors themselves. Thus 

 the cohors and stirps were not called into requisition by Bleeker for 

 the Percoidei (though they were for the subdivision of the Gyprinoidei), 

 and in the recent classification of the Eadiolarians Professor Haeckel 



1 Enumeratio specierum Piscium hucusque in Archipelago Indico observatorurn, 

 p. xi et seq., 1859. 



2 Cenerelle Morphologic der Organismeu, II, 400, 1866. 



