PUEBLO RUINS NEAR WINSLOW, ARIZONA. 533 



there. The surroundings of Chaves Pass afforded other materials to 

 cover the graves. This region furnished logs, which were generally- 

 used in covering the graves. In digging into the cemetery, we invari- 

 ably found, at varying depths, a number of these logs laid side by 

 side, resting on stones at each end. These logs were always found to 

 cover a body, sometimes, two or more, laid at full length. Oftentimes 

 these log coverings were but a few feet below the surface, and again 

 8 or 10 feet. When the dead were buried the food vessels were placed 

 beside the body and head, the logs laid above the corpse, and additional 

 stones placed at both ends of the covering. The weight of soil above 

 these logs, accumulating for a long time, combined with decay of the 

 wood in many instances, had pressed down on the bowls so heavily 

 that many were broken. The accidents of this kind to the mortuary 

 pottery of the Chaves Pass ruins far outnumbered those at Homolobi 

 or the Chevlon ruin. 



The pigment used by the people of Chaves Pass in painting their 

 mortuary prayer sticks was not a green copper carbonate, but the blue 

 azurite, a considerable quantity of which was found in small paint pots 

 in the graves. The other pigments which were found were yellow ocher 

 and sesquioxide of iron. Implements in the Chaves Pass ruins, made of 

 bone, were particularly fine, the best of which were made from the leg 

 and other bones of the antelope. The bones of the wild turkey afforded 

 suitable material for bodkins, awls, needles, and the like. There were 

 several bones of a bird made into implements with a hole punctured 

 midway in their length, resembling the whistles, tatiUcpi, still used by 

 the Moki priests in their secret religious rites. There were likewise 

 short sections of bone about a half inch long, flat on one side and round 

 on the other, upon which the marking of a string was plainly seen. 

 Apparently these were once tied together in pairs, but although I found 

 many at Awatobi and a few at Sikyatki, and others at the ruins on the 

 Little Colorado, I am as yet ignorant of their probable use. The skull 

 of a dog was found in one of the graves. 



There was taken from the ruins of the Colorado Chiquito, near Wins- 

 low, and from Chaves Pass, a type of ancient pottery, which has never 

 been found in the ruins scattered over the Moki Reservation. It is 

 unrepresented in the large collections from Awatobi and Sikyatki. 



This kind of pottery is decorated with black, brown, or red lines with 

 white margins, and is very common in the cemeteries of the ruins along 

 the Little Colorado. This limitation, which subsequent researches may 

 modify, indicates a well-marked difference between old Hopi pottery 

 and that of the ancient Patki peoples. 



The pottery from the Chaves Pass ruins, as would naturally be 

 expected, differs from that of the ancient ruins near Walpi even more 

 than that of Homolobi and the Chevlon ruin. The peculiar cream-yellow 

 ware, a division which includes more than 90 per cent of the ancient 

 Sikyatki and Old Cunopavi ceramics, is hardly represented at Chaves 



