534 PUEBLO RUINS NEAR WINSLOW, ARIZONA. 



Pass, while the red, the black, white and red, and the white and black 

 divisions make np the great majority of mortuary vessels from this 

 locality. As a rule these vessels, as is natural, are similar to the ware 

 from Homolobi. 



The striking figure of a bird on the interior of a food basin of red 

 ware is no doubt one of the innumerable mythic birds which figure so 

 conspicuously in modern Hopi ceremonies. 1 The long projecting beak 

 is a characteristic of many masks used in modern presentations in 

 Katcina dances. 



The only quadruped which was found depicted in Chaves Pass picto- 

 graphy was a representation of the raccoon, Lakana. 



This animal, like many others, has its mythic prototype in the Hopi 

 pantheon, although, as far as known, this is the first proof from objective 

 evidence that it was conspicuous in ancient pueblo mythology. 



The various kinds of pottery found in the Chaves Pass ruins, and the 

 geometrical designs upon them, are practically identical with those of the 

 ruins of the Colorado Chiquito (Homolobi, Chevlon), and the same as 

 the fragments which I have seen from the ruins of the Verde Valley. 

 If similarities of this nature mean anything they mean that the people 

 of the Verde Valley and the lower Colorado Chiquito were formerly 

 closely related. Trustworthy traditionists of the Patki family at Walpi 

 told me, long before I knew of this resemblance, that their old men said 

 their ancestors built the pueblos of the Verde Valley? 



DESCRIPTION OF THE ANCIENT PATKI PEOPLE. 



I am led by my studies of these ruins to the following conclusions in 

 regard to the ancient Patki people: 



They were of short stature, with brachycephalic heads, more or less 

 distorted by pressure in infancy. They lived in pueblos constructed of 

 clay or stone, raised crops of corn, melons, squashes, cultivated cotton, 

 and made garments of agave, yucca, cotton, and cedar fibers. 



They rarely buried their dead in the floors or walls of their houses, 

 but generally just outside the walls of their pueblo, only a few feet 

 away. 



For ornaments they wore shell, bone, and turquoise variously worked. 

 The most elaborate forms of these ornaments were shell and turquoise 

 incrustations on wood, shell, lignite, or bone. They may have worn 

 bone and shell ornaments in their hair, but the women before marriage 

 dressed their hair in two whorls, one above each ear, had ear pendants 

 made of rectangular fragments of lignite set with turquoise, bone in- 

 crusted with the same, or simple turquoise. Both sexes had armlets, 



J See the ceremony of the Siocalako and the Zuni Shalako. The former I have 

 described in the Fifteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology. 



2 I am told by Dr. Mearns that a Hopi visitor to Camp Verde, long before I went 

 to Tusayan, told him that "Old men Mold " built the pueblos of the Rio Verde. 



