PUEBLO RUINS NEAR WINSLOW, ARIZONA. 537 



such a conspicuous feature in the Colorado Chiquito pottery was found, 

 and there were only two specimens of black and white. 1 



A much larger number, proportionally, of bowls decorated with fig- 

 ures of mythic personages were found at Cunopavi than in the Winslow 

 ruins, the proportions being about the same as at Sikyatki. From what 

 we know of ancient Tusayan ware and its decoration, I believe that its 

 specialization in decoration shows an advancement over all other quar- 

 ters of the pueblo area, and that the potters' craft in that province 

 in prehistoric times was more highly developed than elsewhere in 

 the Southwest. The varieties of pottery found in Cunopavi include 

 the coarse-coiled patterns, cream-colored and black and white. The 

 cream ware was very smooth, but without glaze, which, however, forms 

 a well-marked feature of certain specimens from the three Homolobi 

 ruins. 



No form of pottery was found which was essentially different from 

 those taken at Sikyatki, and the mode of burial appears to have been 

 identical in the two pueblos. Considering the decorations as so much 

 pictorial material, I find little variation in geometrical patterns used in 

 Sikyatki and Cunopavi or the Homolobi group of ruins. The drawings 

 of animals differ somewhat from those of the latter region, and my col- 

 lection in a way supplements the known ancient Tusayan paleography. 

 As with the decoration of other prehistoric Tusayan ware, figures of 

 mythic birds x^redominate over those of other animals, and the feather 

 is a constant feature in ornamentation. I have introduced copies of 

 some of the more striking or novel forms of animals represented in the 

 ancient Cunopavi ceramics. 



One of the most striking designs on the food vessels evidently repre- 

 sents a bird with elongated beak, a tuft of feathers on the head, and an 

 elevated wing. On the throat there is a figure of a terraced rain cloud, 

 and the three feathers of the tail are represented in false perspective. 

 The significance of the ring is unknown to me in this connection, although 

 the circle is at present a symbol of the horizon. A more conventional- 

 ized figure of a bird from another food basin has wings and tail, but a 

 remarkable head, which represents a mask. The face is represented by 

 a rain-cloud figure with parallel lines over the mouth resembling falling 

 rain. Above it there is the conventionalized symbol of the dragon-fly. 

 The appendages to the sides of the mask recall those still used at Zufii 

 and Walpi in the personifications of Katcinas. The horn on one side 

 and the rectangular appendage on the other suggest the personage 



j T1ig fine yellow -ware, which we may call Tusayan ware, is limited to the ruins of 

 modern Tusayan. In the area where it is found tbe ceramic art reached a very high 

 degree of perfection, and the symbolic decorations show a higher development than 

 anywhere else among the ancient people of the Southwest. The pottery of the Colo- 

 rado Chiquito ruins, in which I include those of the ancient villages of the hanks of 

 the Zufii River, is red in color, coarser in texture, aud, as a rule, simpler in symbolic 

 decorations. This ware may be known as the Little Colorado ware, which has many 

 advantages over the nomenclature "ancient Zufii ware." 



