538 PUEBLO RUINS. NEAR WINSLOW, ARIZONA. 



called Caiastaca. Figures which can be referred to Katcina masks are 

 rare in the most ancient Tusayan paleography, which has led me to a 

 belief that this cult is a late introduction among the Hopi. 1 



The two figures on an adjacent plate represent a true Sikyatki style 

 of ornamentation, variations of which can be traced with great clear- 

 ness, but which, as far as I know, have never been found outside the 

 present boundaries of Tusayan. These figures represent a symbolic 

 bird, highly conventionalized, but with tail feathers, wings, and part 

 of the body easily distinguished. 2 



A single specimen with the decoration of a reptilian figure was found, 

 and this was pronounced by Kopeli, the Snake chief, to represent the 

 Plumed Serpent. The design had little likeness to the symbolism at 

 present adopted to distinguish this mythic monster. 



Unique in the collection from Cunopavi, and very rare in ancient 

 pueblo pottery, are two food bowls furnished with spouts. One of these 

 has depicted upon it a mythic bird very much conventionalized, and 

 the four reeds of a game of chance still in vogue among the Zuiiis. 3 

 The reeds used in this game I have already referred to as found at 

 Chevlon. 



The figure of a bird with a long upper beak recalls the parrot, a bird 

 so often used in decoration of pottery farther south, and whose feathers 

 are so highly prized for ceremonial purposes. The two feathers which 

 project from one side bear the conventional marks of the breast feather 

 of the eagle. 



The two bowls in the following plate are highly conventionalized, but 

 the figures evidently represent the tail and two wings. The star is 

 associated with the great harpy, Kwataka, whom I have shown to be 

 one of the prominent mythological characters of ancient Sikyatki. 4 



The Cunopavi pottery is most closely related in symbolism to that 

 of Sikyatki, and is very similar to that found at Old Walpi. 5 Its like- 

 ness to the pottery of Awatobi is more distant, and the same is true of 

 Sikyatki, for the ancient pottery of Awatobi is closer than to either the 

 ruins of Homolobi, Chevlon, or Chaves Pass. This resemblance is sug- 

 gestive, and may later be shown to mean a closer resemblance of the 

 people of Awatobi to those of the south than is now suspected. 



1 The Katcina cult in Tusayan is intimately associated with the Honani or Badger 

 people. 



- From the closeness in symholism and the resemblances in the character of the 

 ware there seems every reason to believe that Old Cunopavi was inhabited synchro- 

 nously with Sikyatki. The historical argument does not prevent an acceptance of 

 this conclusion. 



3 See Owens's account of Zuni games, Popular Science Monthly, 1894. The sym- 

 bolic bird depicted on the food basin with the four reeds is a patron of gamblers. 



* The modern Hopi have many legends connected with this harpy, or bird monster. 



B 01d Walpi consisted of two pueblos situated on the terrace below the east mesa, 

 and were formerly inhabited by the ancient Walpians. The latter lies to the north, 

 the former to the west of the present pueblo, where extensive ground floors are still 

 visible. 



