564 BOWS AND ARROWS IN CENTRAL BRAZIL. 



cerning the plant. That the sewed feathering is peculiar to the whole 

 nation and was not first adopted on the Shingu by the eastern Baccairi 

 is shown by the fact, as will be seen later, that the western Bororo 

 living at the head waters of the Paraguay, who perhaps at the same 

 time have turned away from their eastern brethren on the Lorenzo (PI. 

 LVIII, fig. 17), in twenty years had adopted the sewed feathering and in 

 some measure had modified it. But the then wild, contentious hordes 

 could have been in contact only with the still united Baccairi, since the 

 eastern Baccairi are now too widely separated from the western Bac- 

 cairi to be in touch with these. The northwestern neighbors, the 

 Pareci, who now practice the sewed feathering, can not be considered 

 as middle men, since at that time the Pareci did not have the sewed 

 feathering, while already the Bororo possessed it. While also the 

 western Baccairi prove their ethnographic affiliation with the Tapajoz 

 region by the Cambayuva reed and cemented feathering, they betray 

 their relationship with the wild Baccairi of the Shingn only through 

 the point on the arrow. Both points have been ascribed already to the 

 Shingu as characteristic, the bone point from the humerus of the 

 monkey stuck on the foreshaft (PI. LVII, fig. 8), and that with the 

 zygomatic process of the ant-bear (PI. LVII, fig. 11) bound as the side 

 of a palm- wood point about ten centimeters long, which, as was seen 

 already, is on the Shingu peculiar to the two Carib tribes, the Baccairi 

 and the Nahuqua. 



Concerning the bows of these Baccairi, unfortunately, nothing is 

 known. Yon den Steinen reports only that they are smaller than those 

 on the Shingu. 



From the tribes of the Tapajoz region, which is only partially known 

 to us, there are in many collections pieces whose exact location must 

 first be fixed by comparison. The batterer collection in Berlin has 

 also thrown some light on this region. As was already brought 

 forward and is apparent on the chart, the tribes of the Upper Tapajoz 

 represented in the collections, in addition to other forms of arrow, 

 have those wich sewed feathering. We assumed already that the 

 point of diffusion of the sewed feathering on the Shingu or of the 

 united Baccairi might have been on the cataracts of the Paranatinga, 

 and shall therefore seek to find out the path along which it arrived at 

 the tribes settled on the Tapajoz and Madeira. 



Eastern influence in the Tapajoz region appears first to be a sec- 

 ondary consideration. The principal migration has taken place from 

 west to east. Which one has been the original type of bow and arrow 

 in the Tapajoz region is no longer determinable on account of the 

 diversity of types at present existing side by side. As may be seen 

 upon the chart, there can be demonstrated by the material on three or 

 perhaps four sides an acculturation of the ethnographic characteristics 

 of the Tapajoz tribes. The Tapajoz region upon the chart is entirely 

 surrounded by the region of the Peruvian cement feathering, and the 



