570 BOWS AND ARROWS IN CENTRAL BRAZIL. 



Tapajoz. Whether the roacl which the Peruvian bow took toward 

 the Tapajoz is that of the cement feathering - is not determined, since the 

 only accessible Parentintim bow in the Berlin Museum shows angular 

 edges, while the Apiaka and Pareci bows are rounded. Perhaps this 

 has its origin among the tribes settled higher up on the Madeira who 

 possess similar bows. 



Having sketched in the foregoing pages the ethnographic character- 

 istics of the Tapajoz region and recorded the ethnographic information 

 concerning Shingu and Tapajoz peoples, I shall proceed no further 

 among the Madeira tribes, since these indeed do not belong peculiarly 

 to the Mato Grosso and are of interest only as they influenced the 

 character of the Topajoz region. Upon the characteristic forms which 

 the migration to the Tapajoz made necessary, communication has beeu 

 made in the course of the foregoing narrative. 



The Araguay region presents only pure eastern forms, so that here 

 is exhibited a much more simple ethnographic picture. Bows as well 

 as arrows belong to the almost united group of Eastern Brazilian bows 

 and feathering. By the evidence of the Shingu tribes it could be 

 emphasized that some arrows of the Suya, like those of the Yuruna of 

 the lower Shingu, deviate very much from the Shingu type and belong 

 to the eastern feathering group. 



The Suya are as already seen, the member of the Ges or Tapuya 

 stock most widely pushed to the west, and they have in spite of their 

 long backward stretched road to the Tapajoz and to the Shingu, and in 

 spite of the manifold contact with other tribes, held on partly to the 

 old type, or after they had set their foot again on the Shingu adopted 

 anew the eastern feathering. 



The Yuruna, who, as is ascertained through Von den Steinen, are 

 known through their travel downstream and possess not the slightest 

 knowledge of the Shingu tribes, stand in more constant touch with the 

 widely branched and extensive Caraja tribe, who control the region 

 from the upper Araguay entirely to the lower Shingu and are the 

 dreaded" opponents of the Shingu tribes. Von dan Steinen found 

 among the Yuruna Caraja prisoners as well as a club captured from 

 this tribe, and further among the Kamayura of the Shingu a club and 

 an arrow of the Aruma, an ethnographic horde belonging to the Caraja 

 tribe. Moreover correspondences to the Caraja type were previously 

 observed on the Baccairi arrows. The Yuruna live on the borders of 

 the eastern and the western feathering and bow regions, and they have 

 received from the western region the dark palm-wood bow and from the 

 east the arrows. (PI. LVII1, figs. 1-3.) The bow exhibits not the cus- 

 tomary form on the Tabajoz, but resembles more that in use farther to 

 the west, with sharp rectangular cross section. 



Also this cropping out substantiates the theory of migration concern- 

 ing the central Tupi; the stepped weaviug is also found here. The 

 arrows of the Yuruna have the Cambayuva reed shaft in vogue on the 

 lower Shingu, upon which a wooden fore shaft is attached by means of 



