618 EXHIBIT AT THE COTTON STATES EXPOSITION. 



The collection was arranged in four groups, as follows : 



Representative forms of invertebrate animals. — Here were exhibited 

 most of the orders of the invertebrate animals in such a manner as to 

 illustrate their external appearance, general structure, and mode of 

 growth. The smaller and more perishable forms, as well as certain 

 details of anatomy, were illustrated by enlarged models and drawings. 



Embryology and development. — Here was shown the early stages of 

 various animals, showing the curious transformations undergone by 

 the Starfish, the Water Beetle, the Lancelet or Amphioxus, the Trout, 

 and the Frog; the development of the domestic fowl and the earlier 

 stages of man. There was also a series of models showing the develop- 

 ment of the Gastrula, the most important and significant germ form of 

 the animal kingdom, through which all animals above the Protozoa 

 pass in the earliest period of development. 



Modification of the skeleton for locomotion. — This series was intended 

 to show how the Fish, Turtle, Penguin, and the Seal, representing four 

 classes of animals, are so modified as to be all equally at home in the 

 water; how the bat can fly like a bird, a frog leap like a kangaroo, and 

 a snake swim, climb, and crawl, although it possesses no limbs at all. 

 The modifications of the skeleton for climbing are illustrated by a 

 Macaque, a Specter-lemur or Tarsier, and a Sloth; modifications for 

 leaping by the Jerboa, Kangaroo, and Frog; for crawling, by a Water 

 Snake; for digging, by the Mole and Gopher; for swimming, by the 

 Fur Seal, the Penguin, the Turtle, and the Golden Mackerel or Cre- 

 valle; for sailing, by a Flying Lemur or Colugo, a Phalanger, and the 

 strange little lizard, Draco volans, known as the Flying Dragon ; for 

 flying, by a Stork and a Bat. 



Above the cases are shown the skeletons of a Black Bear, a Tapir, a 

 Manatee, and a Porpoise. 



Anatomical models illustrating structure. — These models are on a 

 large scale, and are intended to show organs which are so minute in 

 size or so delicate in structure that they can not otherwise be exhibited. 

 One model illustrates the structure of the Precious Coral, and teaches 

 how the various single polyps are connected with each other and to 

 have a common circulation, so that what is eaten by one benefits all. 

 Others show, upon a large scale, the various organs of complicated 

 anatomy of a large fish, a medusa, a fluke- worm, a marine worm, a bee, 

 a frog, and a perch. 



DEPARTMENT OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES. 



This exhibit was in part a continuation of that of the Depirtment of 

 Comparative Anatomy, and included, arranged nearly in systematic 

 order, a series of specimens representing the principal groups of 

 marine animals, beginning with the lowest or Protozoa, and embracing 

 at the other extreme the Ascidians and Cephalopods and the Amphi- 

 oxus or Lancelet, which is by many authorities regarded as the transi- 

 tion between invertebrate and vertebrate animals. 



