496 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1890. 



about. The beads are of Japanese manufacture, the plate of unknown origin. 

 Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150706 



The women are unwilling to part with their beads, which they seem to value 

 either as heirlooms or as sacred treasures. Six dollars was once refused for 

 a string smaller than this, although the people are extremely poor. All 

 such ornaments have been obtained by trade with the Japanese, and many 

 of them seem to be quite old. (A similar necklace shown in PI. xc.1 



Earrings. — Made of silver, with blue glass boads. Worn by the worner. Specimens 

 are of medium size, 3f inches in diameter, of Japanese manufacture. (Similar 

 earrings shown in Plates xcin and civ. ) Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150707 



Earrings. — Made of white metal. Worn by women ; 2J inches in diameter. Ainos 

 of Yezo, 1888. 150708 



Wooden plate. — Around plate with carved pattern inside. Diameter, *i inches. Ainos 

 of Yeterof, 1888. 150708 



Wooden plate. — A round plate with carved pattern inside. Diameter, 7 inches. (See 

 Fig 74.) Ainos of Yeterof, 1888. 150709 



Wooden plate. — A square plate with rounded corners ; inside carved ; 12 inches square. 

 Ainos of Yeterof, 18S8. 150710 



Wooden plates. — Two square plates, with insides carved. Respectively 9^ and 8 inches 

 square. (See Fig. 74.) Ainos of Piratori, Yezo, 1888. 150711 



Winders for thread. — Flat pieces of carved wood of various shapes, used for winding 

 thread. Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150712 



Teacup holders.— Patterned after similar articles used by the Japanese. Made of 

 wood, carved. Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150713 



Cloth neck hand and ornament.— A simple baud of blue-black Japanese cotton three- 

 quarters of an inch wide, with button and button-hole to secure it around the 

 neck. Iu front a nearly square flap hangs down about If inches, on which a 

 small silver ornament is displayed. Worn mostly by children. Ainos of Yezo, 

 1888. 150714 



Tattooing knives. — Ordinary Japanese knives with blades 3 to 3£ inches in length in 



plain wooden handles. One of the blades bent near the end. Ainos of Yezo, 



1888. 150715 



Kaba hark. — Birch bark used to make the soot used in tattooing. The bark is burned 

 and the soot condensed on a dish held over the flame. The soot is rubbed into 

 the cuts on the face and arms, giving them a permanent somewhat bluish color. 

 Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150716 



Wooden dish. — Oblong, with rounded ends. Length, 6 inches; width, 3£ inches. Ainos 

 of Yezo, 1888. 150717 



Chopsticks. — Made by the Ainos, who doubtless learned to use them from the Japa- 

 nese. Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150718 



Needle. — Used for making fishnets. Made of wood (See Fig. .85.) Ainos of Yezo, 

 1888. 150719 



Mokuri. — A musical instrument played like a jew's-harp, except that the reed is made 

 to vibrate by jerking the string with the right hand while the instrument is 

 held in front of the mouth, not against the teeth, between the thumb and finger 

 of the left hand, the cord pressing around the little finger. (See Fig. 80.) Ainos 

 of Yezo, 1888. 150720 



Bark dishes. — Made of birch bark, the edges bound with bark fiber over strips of 

 wood. Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150721 



Wooden spoons. — Various shapes and sizes, with long handles often curiously shaped 

 to represent small branches sharply bent at the joints. Used for cooking and 

 for eating. (See Fig. 75.) Ainos of Yezo, 1888. 150722 



Wooden flat spoons. — Shaped like small spatulas; upper surfaces carved. Used for 

 eating. Length, about 7 inches. (See Fig. 75.) Ainos of Piratori, Yezo, 

 1888. 150724 



