654 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1890. 



struetor. The fourth was a bronze foundry and represented the first 

 metallurgist. Each one of these occupied its respective corner in the 

 interior court of prehistoric anthropology. 



In the center was a group representing the tent and encampment of 

 the Samoiedes from northern Russia with their outfit of reindeer, etc. 

 This was intended to represent the age of the reindeer of modern times. 



Two other groups occupied places in the same court. One represented 

 the age of iron of primitive times and was taken from a group of Soudan 

 blacksmiths; the other was a group of Aztecs making paper of agave 

 plant. The latter was made from models furnished to the Trocadero 

 Museum by the Smithsonian Institution. 



These were the work of M. Jules Hebert, the artist modeler of the 

 Trocadero Museum, done under the direction of Dr. Hamy, conserva- 

 ieur of that museum. The principal groups will be described. 



Group 1. — Paleolithic period. Chelleen epoch. 



(Corresponding to the alluvium or age of mammoth.) 



At the foot of a tree which bent over and spread its branches to fur- 

 nish a protection were a man and a woman engaged in making the rude 

 flint implements of the epoch. (PI. clvii.) 



The proportions and general forms of the body the cephalic indices 

 and the general morphology of the face are taken from the human crania 

 and boues found in the caverns which have served as habitations for the 

 man of this epoch — Spy, La Naulette, Gourdon — while the flesh and par- 

 ticularly the nose, lips, breasts, etc., are reproduced after atavic types, 

 specially observed in Belgium and the neighborhood of Paris. The 

 costume is imaginary, but was patterned after that of the savages of 

 modern times. 



Croup 2. — Cavern period. 



(Corresponding to the age of reindeer or the solutreen moustierien and madalenien epochs.) 



The scene (PI. ci/vm) represents a woman and a young man engaged 

 in engraving the reindeer horn, as described in the chapter on prehis- 

 toric art. The father of the family has just returned from the chase and 

 carries the hind quarters of a mountain goat, which he has killed. 



The natural portions of the scene are reproductions of the rock shelter 

 at Laugerie Basse as determined by the discoveries of M. Elie Massanet. 

 The three personages were reconstructed with the aid of the skeletons 

 which had been found almost entire in the caverns of this neighborhood, 

 Laugerie Basse, Cro-Magnon, etc. By their means the anthroplo- 

 gist was able to fix the proportions of the body and the essential 

 forms of the face and skull. The soft parts representing flesh, were 

 made after individuals of an apparently similar race, principally the 

 Berbers, of the type of Cro-Magnon. The arms, tools, and implements, 

 were patterned after original pieces obtained from the caverns of the 

 neighborhood. The disposition of the hair of the old man, is that of the 

 celebrated engraving on reindeer horn found at Laugerie Basse by M. 

 Masseuat and known under the name of " the man chasing the auroch." 

 The shells which have been pierced and strung, and worn as ornaments 



