56 FUNARIACEAE 



large and thin-walled, elongated hexagonal to oblong above, 

 usually rectangular at base. Capsules subglobose, ovoid, or 

 pyriform, erect and symmetric, or strongly unsymmetric and 

 sometimes cernuous. often with a distinct neck. Peristome 

 lacking or single or double. The teeth when present are 16, 

 and the segments are opposite the teeth instead of alternate 

 with them as in Mnium or Hypnum. There is no basal mem- 

 brane or intermediate cilia. Calyptra often inflated, usually 

 with a long beak, cucullate or often split in two or more places. 

 I have followed Brotherus in including the Ephemereae. 



Key 

 Stem erect, mostly simple; seta in most cases more or less elongated; 



capsule always exserted. usually opening by a distinct lid. .Funarieae 

 Plants very small, almost stemless. from a persistent protonema; seta 



rudimentary or lacking; capsules immersed, mostly cleistocarpous. 



Ephemereae 



Subfamily Fuxarieae 

 Key to Gexera 



i — Capsules erect and symmetric; peristome lacking 2 



Capsules strong'y unsymmetric; peristome present, usually double. 



Funaria 



2 — Capsules exserted on a long seta Physcomitnum turbinatum 



Capsules immersed 3 



3 — Capsule splitting exactly in the middle, with no specially modified 

 cells aiong the line of dehiscence; angles of cell walls of capsule 



thickened (collenchymatous) Aphanorrhegma 



Capsule dehiscing by a regular lid having 1-3 rows of denser cells 

 around its mouth; cell walls of capsule collenchymatous. 



Physcomitnum immersum 



APHANORRHEGMA Sulliv. 



A small genus of only two known species. It seems to differ 

 from Physcomiirium chiefly in the much less differentiation of 

 the tissues along the line of dehiscence of the capsule. 



A. serratum Sull. "On damp ground, common," Muse. 

 App. 178; Closter, Austin; three localities at New Dorp, S. Id., 

 and two in the Bronx, E. G. B.; all at Bx! Sept.-Dec. 



PHYSCOMITRIUM Brid. (Plate VI, Fig. 1.) 



Mostly small light green plants sparingly branching. Leaves 

 oblong, obovate, spatulate or broadly oblanceolate. Calyptra 



