KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF MOSSES 9 



12 — Leaves papillose, at least above (except Aulacomnium); capsules 



strongly plicate or furrowed when dry; peristome double 13 



Plants not possessing all three of these characters 14 



13 — Capsules nearly as broad as long, subglobose; inner peristome 



without cilia or with cilia little developed Bartramiaceae 



Capsules longer than broad, subcylindric; cilia of inner peristome well 



developed Aulacomniaceae 



14 — Capsules cleistocarpous; leaves not papillose. 



Archidiaceae and Bruchta in Dicranaceae 



Capsules cleistocarpous; leaves papillose Astomum in Tortulaceae 



Capsules gymnostomous; leaf cells small, papillose. 



Poflieae and Weiseae in Tortulaceae 

 Capsules gymnostomous, leaf cells large, smooth. 



Physcomitrium in Funariaceae 



Capsules peristomate 15 



15 — Peristome single 16 



Peristome double 18 



16 — Capsules with a large swollen hypophysis, which is usually larger 

 and more conspicuous than the spore-bearing part; leaves not 



papillose; growing on decaying animal matter Splachnaceae 



Capsules without hypophysis (some with slender necks) 17 



17 — Leaves papi'lose Tortulaceae 



Leaves not papillose (except in Oncophoreae, one or two species of Di 

 cranum, and slightly so in Ceratodon). See descriptions and il 



lustrations of these forms Dicranaceae 



18 — Inner peristome of cilia only; plants with the habit of Polytrichum. 



Timmiaceae 

 Inner peristome of keeled segments, with intermediate cilia often 



present 19 



19 — Segments opposite the teeth; capsules very strongly unsymmetric 



with mouth one-sided Funariaceae 



Segments alternate with the teeth; capsules less strongly unsym- 

 metric 20 



20 — Capsules arcuate and unsymmetric, long-necked; inner peristome 

 of sixteen rather narrow segments as long as the teeth or longer, with- 

 out intermediate cilia; leaf cells small Meesiaceae 



Capsules often pendent and symmetric, sometimes sligntly unsym- 

 metric; inner peristome with well developed cilia (except in a few 

 rare species) leaves often bordered by a margin of narrow elongated 



cells Bryaceae 



21 — Aquatic, long and floating, with leaves straight, or plants shorter 

 with falcate-secund leaves; capsules immersed or emergent, 



never exserted Fontinalaceae 



Terrestrial (or a few aquatic), seldom slender or floating, with cap- 

 sules exserttd on long setae 22 



22 — Leaves papillose (except species of Myurella, Leskea, and Thuidium) ; 



leaf cells short, rhomboidal or subcircular Leskeaceae 



