IN THEIR WINTER CONDITION. 15 



scales several, glabrous but disclosing some pubescence at summit of bud. 

 Along bluff's of Kansas river below Manhattan. P. Ioensis, Bailey, of 

 eastern Kansas, is easily distinguished by its densely pubescent twigs. 



27 CRATAEGUS, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L. Spec. 1753. 



C. coccinea, L. Spec. 1753. Scarlet Haw. 



A small tree with smooth and shining, dark red twigs, armed 

 with slender, sharp pointed, slightly curved axillary thorns, one to 

 two inches long and same color as twig. The base of the thorn is enlarged 

 and bears a leaf-scar with bud on one side and a few fainter leaf -scars 

 above. The arcuate or semi-oval leaf-scars are five-ranked with three 

 bundle scars. Buds globose; scales several, rounded, glabrous. Rare in 

 upland woods. 



Var. mollis, Torr & Gray, Fl. i, 1810. 



Distinguished by the twigs being a duller brown and twigs and buds 

 being usually sparsely villous, and by the buds being larger and the scales 

 more open and spreading. Rare. 



28 KIBES, L. Gen. 1737; Spec. 1753. 



R. gkacilk, Michx. Fl. 1803. Wild Gooseberry. 



A declining shrub with light-brown, glabrous, sulcate twigs, armed 

 with brown triple spines below the leaf-scars, and on at least part of 

 the old wood with scattered prickles. Leaf-scars five-ranked, narrow, re- 

 shaped, almost hidden by the spines. Bundle-scars three. Buds conical, 

 brownish, with numerous ovate scales, keeled at apex. Scales persistent 

 at base of twig. Frequent in lowland woods. 



29 CORjMUS. Tourn. Inst. 1700; L. Spec. 1753. 



Shrubs with hexagonal pith, red, pubescent twigs, crescent-shaped, 

 opposite leaf-scars, with three bundle-scars. Terminal buds compressed, 

 pointed; lateral, smaller, closely appressed. Scales two. 



Branchlets bright reel; pubescence soft C. scricea. 



Branchlets gray; pubescence appresssed. . . .(J. asperifolia. 



C. SEKicEA, L. Mant. ii, 1771. Downy Dogwood. 



Twigs and branchlets dark red, the former softly cinereous-pubescent, 

 which hides the color. A small shrub three or four feet high, often with 

 elongated stoloniferous branches. Infreciuent in moist, rocky places. 



C. aspekifolia, Michx. Fl. 1803. Gray Dogwood. 



Twigs pale, dull red, the pubescence appressed and not hiding color 

 of twig, the branchlets becoming gray-brown and dually gray. A shrub 

 or sometimes almost a tree, very common in woods, thickets and along 

 fences. This species is best distinguished from the previous by the color 

 of the second and third year wood. 



