16 WOODY PLANTS OF MANHATTAN 



30 SAMBUCUS, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L Spec. 1753. 



S. Canadensis, L. Spec. 1753. Elderberry. 



A shrub with large pith, light gray, glabrous, slightly angled twigs, 

 large, triangular heart-shaped, opposite leaf-scars meeting around the 

 stein and live bundle-scars. Terminal portion of twig dies back; lateral 

 buds usually two, superposed, or if more, clustered; scales two or three 

 pairs, glabrous, abruptly pointed. Not common. 



31 SFMPHORICARPOS, Dill. Hort. Elth. 1732; Adans. Fain. 1703. 



Symphoricarpus, IIBK. Nov. Gen. iii, 1818. 



S. vulgaris, Michx. Fl. 1S03. Buck-bush. 



A low shrub with extensive stolons, very slender, light brown, pub- 

 escent twigs, very small, triangular or shield-shaped, opposite leaf-scars 

 connected by a ridge, and one bundle-scar. Frequently the base of the 

 petiole persists as a withered stump without leaving a distinct scar. 

 Buds very small, usually three collateral; scales two or three pairs, pub- 

 escent. Berries persistent. Common on prairie and upland woods. 



32 CEPHALANTHUS, L. (fen. 1737; Spec. 1753. 



C. occidentalis, L. Spec. 1753. Button-bush. 



A shrub with green or brown twigs, semicircular, opposite or whorled 

 leaf-scars, central semicircular bundle-scars, stipule-scars or persistent 

 stipules encircling the stem and very small, low buds, single or two 

 superposed. Frequent in wee places. 



33 FRAXLNUS, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L. Spec. 1753. 



F. viridis, Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 1813. Green Ash. 



A small or medium tree with smooth, gray twigs, flattened at the 

 nodes, semicircular or shi<dd-shaped, opposite leaf-scars and central 

 semicircular bundle-scars Terminal buds obtuse, with two pairs of dark 

 brown, felty pubescent scales: lateral single or two superposed. Fre- 

 quent in lowland woods. 



Var. pubescens, Hitchcock, Cat. Ames, 1891. 



Distinguished by its pubescent twigs. Rocky bluffs and thickets. 



34 CATALPA, Scop. Introd. 1777. 



C. speciosa, Warder in Engelm. in Bot. Gaz. v. 1880. Catalpa. 



A small tree, with smooth, gray twigs, opposite or whorled, circular 

 or oval leaf scars with a concentric row of bundle-scars, and low buds 

 with several, short, loose scales Cultivated and escaped in places. 



35 ULMUS. Tourn. Inst. 1700; L Spec. 1753. 



Large trees with two ranked, oval, oblique leaf-scars, and unequal 

 siipule-scars. 



Twigs gray; buds densely pubescent U. fulva. 



Twigs brown; buds glabrous U. Americana. 



