IN THEIK WINTER CONDITION. 17 



U. fulva, Michx. Fl. 1803. Red Elm. 



Twigs scabrous or hirsutely pubescent, buds ovate, 5 to 6 mm. long, 

 dark brown, divergent, scales two-ranked, four to six pairs; flower buds 

 swelling considerably. Common in lowland woods. 



U. Americana, L. Spec. 1753. White Elm. 



Twigs slender, glabrous, softly pubescent or even somewhat scabrous 

 but not hispid; buds 3 to -1 mm. long, the lateral appressed, pointed; 

 scales three or four pairs. Common. 



36 CELTIS, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L. Spec 17.53. 



C. occidentalis, L. Spec. 1753. Ilackberry. 



A small or medium tree with light, ooKky-ridged bark, white pith 

 diaphragmed in the region of the nodes, dark gray-brown, glabrous or 

 sparsely villous twigs, two-ranked, semi-oval or obtusely triangular, 

 oblique leaf-scars, three bundle-scars and rather obscure stipule-scars. 

 Terminal buds none; latteral flattened, appressed, pointed; scales about 

 one pair, somewhat villous. Frequent in lowland woods. 



37 IOXYLON, Raf. Am. Monthly Mag. 1817. Madura, Nutt. Gen. 1818. 

 I. pomiferum, Rafin. 1. c. Madura auranliaca, Nutt, 1. c. 



Osage Orange. 

 Twigs light yellowish-drab, glabrous, at least some of them armed 

 with axillary thorns of the same color. Thorns simple bearing a bud 

 at base. Leaf-scars five or eight-ranked, obtusely triangular, with a cen- 

 tral bundle-scar. Buds low, depressed-globose. Scales few, brownish, 

 ciliate-fringed. Introduced for hedges and escaped in plaees. 



38 MORUS, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L. Spec. 1753. 



M. rubra, L. Spec. 1753. Mulberry. 



A small tree with light brown or greenish-drab, glabrous twigs, two- 

 ranked, oval, oblique, concave leaf-scars, and unequal stipule-scars. Ter- 

 mial buds none; lateral appressed, pointed; scales several, two-ranked, 

 rounded, glabrous. Infrequent in lowland woods. 



39 PLATANUS, Tourn. Inst, 1700; L. Spec. 1753. 



P. occidentalis, L. Spec. 1753. Sycamore. 



A large tree with smooth or slightly pubescent, light-brown, sulcate 

 twigs, narrow, five-ranked leaf-scars, about half encircling the twig, five 

 prominent bundle-scars, and encircling stipule-scars. Buds conical, 

 smooth and shining as if sticky, scale one, entirely enclosing the bud. 

 Frequent along streams. Bark white and smooth, scaling off in patches. 



40 JUGLANS, L. Gen. 1737; Spec. 1753. 



J. nigra, L. Spec. 1753. Black Walnut. 



A large tree with diaphragmed pith, dark brown, clammy pubescent 

 twigs; and three-lobed, five-ranked leaf-scars with three U-shaped bun- 

 dle-scars. Terminal bud 10 mm. long or shorter; lateral two, superposed, 



