I 56 ) 



supplies, however, have curtailed its use. In 1850 White Pine 

 surpassed all other woods in production. Today two-thirds of the 

 lumber cut in this country consists of the four southern yellow 

 pines, Longleaf, P. palustris; Shortleaf, P. echinata; Loblolly, /'. 

 Taeda; and Cuban, P. caribaea. Other lesser kinds also contribute 

 to this production. 



In the West, the most important are the Western White, Pin us 

 moil ticola; Sugar, P. Lambertiana; and the Western Yellow, P. 

 ponder osa. In Mexico, the Mexican White-Pine, P. Ayacahuitc, 

 replaces our white pines, and the Arizona Pine, P. arizonica, and 

 the Montezuma Pine, P. Montezwmae, are the important yellow 

 pines. 



J n northern and central Europe, the Scotch Pine is the important 

 tree, furnishing the bulk of supplies. In southern Europe, the 

 Austrian Pine, along with its several geographical variations, 

 supersedes the Scotch Pine. 



\n Japan and northern China, the Japanese Red- and Black- 

 Pines are the important timber species. In the Himalayas the 

 Himalayan White-Pine and the Long-Leaved Indian-Pine, P. 

 longifolia, are the leaders. 



And in the Philippines, the Khasia Pine, P. insularis* forms 

 important mountain forests. 



In addition to its high lumber value the Longleaf Pine possesses 

 further value in its productions of naval stores. The turpentine, 

 tar, and pitch that is annually derived from its resinous contents 

 constitute an important source of additional revenue for the 

 Southern States. Pine wool is made from the leaves of this and 

 other species ; essential oils are distilled from leaves and young 

 shoots and used medicinally and the seeds of the western nut pines 

 furnish food. 



Specimens of this may be found in Conservatory Range No. 2. 



