(68) 



Let us now go outside the group at this point. The very small 

 compact evergreen with bristly foliage is 



Picea Maxwellii, Maxwell's Spruce 

 This is a very dwarf compact variety with short stiff needles. 

 Behind it are the Red Norway- Spruces and next, to the right, 

 is an unidentified one. East of this one is a larger Blue White- 

 Spruce, behind which is the Barry's Spruce we have already noted. 

 The remaining large trees to the right are Picca Abies and its 

 variety anrea. The latter have very yellow foliage in spring. 

 There is one more Maxwell's Spruce and the taller though small 

 dense evergreen to the right of it is 



Picea Abies var. Gregoryana, Gregory Spruce 

 This variety is similar to the Maxwell Spruce, but the branches 

 are slightly hairy. 



General Discussion 

 The spruces, in the same sense as the pines, are all evergreens. 

 There are thirty-eight different kinds in the colder and temperate 

 climates of the Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic Circle to 

 the high mountains of the temperate zone. These trees are dis- 

 tributed in the following manner : 



Eastern Hemisphere — 31 Western Hemisphere — 7 



28 exclusively A s i a t i c, of 3 eastern North-American 



which 18 are confined to 4 western North- American 



China alone 

 2 exclusively European 

 1 European and Asiatic 



In the United States there are only seven native spruces, three in 

 the East and four in the West. The three eastern ones are the 

 White, Black, and Red Spruces. Picea canadensis, P. rubra, and 

 P. mariana respectively. The western ones are the Colorado. 

 Engelmann's, the Weeping and the Sitka Spruces, Picea pungens, 

 P. Engehnannii, P. Breweriana, and P. sitchensis, respectively. 



The pines, as we have seen, may conveniently be divided into 

 three classes according to the number of needles in each cluster. 

 In the spruces, however, the needles occur singly in a spiral 

 arrangement on the twigs. But three groups may be distinguished 

 according to the shape of these leaves. 



