(86) 



The second specimen in the diagonal row is a Dwarf Canada- 

 Hemlock and the next very low shrubby plant is 



Tsuga caroliniana, the Carolina Hemlock 



This is a native species, with a very restricted range, extending 

 in the mountains from southern Virginia to northern Georgia. It 

 is regarded as one of the handsomest evergreens for ornamental 

 purposes, possessing great beauty and grace in its very dark com- 

 pact and drooping habit. The specimen at hand unfortunately 

 shows none of the fine qualities of the species. 



The fourth and last plant in the diagonal row is a Siebold's 

 Hemlock and directly back of it toward the railroad but not in 

 the diagonal row stand two Canada Hemlocks, the first a small 

 and sickly specimen and the last a large more mature one. 



The last row contains three trees and is approximately parallel 

 to the preceding bias row. The first is a Japanese Hemlock, the 

 second is a Canada Hemlock and that last rather nicely shaped 

 rounded specimen that stands near the road leading into the power 

 house is another Hairy-twigged Japanese-Hemlock. There remains 

 one more small tree, a Canada Hemlock. 



General Discussion 



There are altogether nine or ten different known hemlocks. 

 Four of these are native to the United States ; two in the Eastern 

 States, Tsuga canadensis and T. caroliniana, and two in the West. 

 T. Mertensiana and T. heterophylla. Of the foreign ones, two 

 are found in Japan, T. Tsuga and T. dwersifolia. The others, of 

 little importance, grow in China and the Himalayas. 



The hemlocks are all evergreens, bearing rather small cones 

 about one inch in length. They are generally recognized by their 

 flatfish needles arranged on the twigs in two opposite ranks. In 

 this respect they resemble the firs. The leaves of the latter, how- 

 ever, are attached directly to the twigs, leaving a circular scar 

 when they fall while those of the hemlocks arise from a slender 

 stalk which lies pressed against the twig. 



Excepting that of the western and Japanese species, T. hetero- 

 phylla and T. Tsuga, the light, soft, brittle and coarse-grained 



