70 



suitable size, from the quarries on the North River. 

 The relative cost of each would decide between them. 



JLpIjpg tire ftatal k t\t l0afr-§tfr. 



In referring to this subject, Professor Mahan states : 



Broken- Stone Road-Covering. — The ordinary road- 

 covering for common roads, in use in this country and 

 Europe, is formed of a coating of stone broken into 

 small fragments, which is laid either upon the natural 

 soil, or upon a paved bottoming of small irregular blocks 

 of stone. In England, these two systems have their 

 respective partizans ; the one claiming the superiority 

 for road-coverings of stone broken into small fragments, 

 a method brought into vogue some years since by 

 McAdam, from whom these roads have been termed 

 macadamized; the other being the plan pursued by Mr. 

 Telford in the great national roads constructed in Great 

 Britain within about the same period. 



"The subject of road-making has within the last few 

 years excited renewed interest and discussion among 

 Engineers in France ; the conclusion drawn from expe- 

 rience, there generally adopted is, that a covering alone 

 of stone broken into small fragments is sufficient under 

 the heaviest traffic and most frequented roads. Some 

 of the French engineers recommend, in very yielding, 

 clayey soils, that either a paved bottoming, after Telford's 

 method, be resorted to, or that the soil be well com- 

 pressed at the surface before placing the road-covering. 



"The paved bottom road-covering on Telford's plan 

 is formed by excavating the surface of the ground to a 



