17 



It is. however, accessary, to a satisfactory result that what is 

 wholly incompatible with one purpose and al the same time not 

 absolutely Decessary to the other Bhould be everywhere rigidly 

 avoided and excluded. For instance,a railroad station, a manufac- 

 tory with chimnies and steam engines, advertising displays, wagons 

 for commercial traffic, fast driving, gambling booths, a market 

 place, though all of these may he seen in njrae town parks, are 

 clearly there by mistake and want of proper consideration. We 

 may add that whatever the numbers to he accommodated, it is in- 

 compatible with the rural character required in a park, that any- 

 thing like the embarrassing turmoil, confusion and discordant din, 

 common to the crowded streets of the town should be necessarily 

 encountered within it, while it is equally evident that no regard for 

 scenery should lie allowed to prevent the assemblage and movement 

 of great crowds within the nark— of crowds much greater than 

 occur anywhere else in the town. 



To admit of this, and at the same time maintain anything of a 

 rural, natural, tranquilizing and poetic character, in the scenery, the 

 driving room, riding room, walking room, sitting room, skating, 

 sailing and playing room, must be not only liberally designed, but 

 must he studied ami adapted to all the natural circumstance- of the 

 site with the greatest care. 



To illustrate the practical application of these views, we will take 

 one of the many classes of arrangements for the accommodation of 

 the movements of the public through a park : The drive, or carriage 

 way. and consider what is required in it. 



A drive must he so prepared that those using it -hall he called 

 upon for the least possible exercise of judgment as to the course to 

 be pursued, the least possible anxiety or exercise of skill in regard 

 to collisions or interruptions with reference to objects animate or 

 inanimate, and that they shall, as far as possible, be free from the 

 disturbance of noise and jar. 



To secure these negative qualities, the course of the road must be 

 simple ; abrupt turns must be avoided, steep grades that would task 

 the horses or suggest that idea must not be encountered. The 

 possibility of the road becoming miry must be securely guarded 

 against : its surface must also be smooth and be composed of compact 

 material. 



These being the first and essential engineering considerations, it 



is necessary, secondly, that they should be secured in a manner 



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