Flora of the Allegany State Park Region 205 



State road, although the woods can also be entered from 

 Red House along up Stoddard brook. The summits of 

 the ridges surrounding the basin arc of the Olean con- 

 glomerate and the soils where exposed are gravelly and 

 sterile. This character shows most plainly close to the 

 Bay State road. The < )lean formation extends down 

 some distance into the basin area before the Chemung 

 shales are encountered, but the soil conditions in the 

 semiprimeval timber even on the < Mean are fairly fertile 

 owing to the small amount of lumbering and fire and the 

 undisturbed condition of the deep humus. The forest 

 ( figure 33) is predominately hardwood in composition, 

 but Hemlock is one of the two or three most abundant 

 trees on all slopes, and especially on the slopes facing 

 north or cast, while on the slopes facing west it is ex- 

 ceeded in abundance by some of the hardwood species. 

 The principal trees of this area are : 



Acer saccharum Acer rubrum 



Tsuga canadensis Magnolia acuminata 



Fagus grandi folia Quercus rubra 



Tilia americana Ostrya virginiana 



Prunus serotina Carpinus caroliniana 



Betula lenta Cornus florida 



Fraxinus americana Liriodendron Tulipifera 



Betula lutea Ulmus americana 



Tn many places, owing to the dense shade of the 

 forest and the small amount of lumbering and subsequent 

 lire, the shrubby undergrowth is rather thin, sometimes 

 almost negligible, and consists chiefly of the following 

 species : 



Viburnum aini folium Lonicera canadensis 



aceri folium Sambucus racemosus 



Sambucus canadensis Salix Bebbiana 

 Taxus canadensis " discolor 



Acer pennsylvanicum Rubus odoratus 



t ornus alternifolia Diervilla Lonicera 



Hamamelis virginiana Rubus strigosus 



Acer spicatum Ilex monticola 



Gaultheria procumbens Kvonymus obovatus (very rare) 

 Ribes Cvnosbati 



