CALLOPHRYS EUBI. 103 



newly-hatched larvae that emerged in confinement on June 24th, 1870, 

 were dirty greenish in colour, with the head black, and covered with hairs, 

 which, for the size of the larva?, might fairly be called long. Being un- 

 able to get flowers of broom he had to feed them on young leaf- buds, on 

 which they grew so slowly that, by July 9th, they had attained a 

 length of not more than one-twelfth of an inch, and were very stumpy 

 in proportion, brown in colour, with a darker brown dorsal line 

 bordered on each side by a row of yellowish streaks ; soon after this, 

 however, the colour changed to green, and it became much more like 

 the adult larva in general appearance. This difference in the rate of 

 feeding-up of different larvae reminds one of Esper's note, that he 

 found larvae in June, July, and up till September, on Genista, that 

 they all pupated, but none produced imagines till the following June. 

 The large choice of foodplants selected by the larvae of this species, 

 gives a very wide difference in their habits. Thus Plotz states that, 

 at Greifswald, the larvae bore deeply into the tender stalks of the 

 young shoots of Ledum palustre. Wood found fullfed larvae feeding 

 on berries of buckthorn, at Brockenhurst, on July 30th, 1898, and 

 Prideaux observes that, when the young larvae feed on Rhamnus 

 catharticusj they clear out the contents of the immature berries by 

 means of holes drilled in the sides, precisely in the same manner as 

 those of Celastrina argiolus do when feeding on ivy. The C. rubi larvae, 

 he says, later, took as readily to the berries of Cornus sanguinea when 

 R. catharticus was not procurable. In rearing the larvae of this species 

 previously on Leguminosae, such as clover and Lotus, the larvae fed 

 from first to last entirely on the flowers. Joy says that, in early July, 

 1904, he beat from dogwood, larvae that he supposed to be those of 

 Celastrina argiolus, which, in confinement, fed well on berries, quite 

 ignoring the leaves, and which, in due course, pupated, and proved to 

 be Callophrys rubi. The habits of the larvae on Vaccinium vitis-idaea 

 have been noted by Zeller, who says that they range over the flower 

 racemes, devouring the corollae, stamens, and ovaries of the blossoms, 

 whilst Wolfe and Chapman both record the larvae as feeding freely on 

 the flowers of Erica tetralix, the latter also noting that they eat equally 

 well the leaves of this plant. Head confirms Chapman's observation, 

 that the larva does not eat the eggshell, and observes that, on Vacci- 

 nium myrtillus, the young larvae commence to feed at once on the very 

 young leaves of the bilberry, and, after each meal, return again to the 

 leaf-stalk or stem of the plant to rest ; as they grow older they descend 

 lower down the plant, and, after their last moult, they usually hide at 

 the root of the bilberry during the day, coming out to feed only in 

 the evening ; they attain their full growth, he says, from the beginning 

 of July until late in August, young and fullgrown larvae often being 

 found at the same time. Filer notes the remarkable protective 

 resemblance of the larva to its foodplant when feeding on Helian- 

 themum vulgare. Albin says that the larva feeds on buds of bramble, 

 but this seems not to be very usual, although Wilkes observes that 

 they hollow out the buds of bramble, and Joy exhibited, at the meet- 

 ing of the South London Ent. Soc, held on July 13th, 1903, larvae 

 that were feeding on the berries of buckthorn, making holes therein, 

 for the purpose of extracting the contents, and said he had seen others 

 on dog-wood, and yet others that were making holes in the buds of 

 bramble to get at their contents (Ent., xxxviii., p. 261). In the south of 



