158 



BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



larvae, July 4th, 1896, in woods near Lincoln (Pearson) ; May 24th, 

 1898, larvae of all sizes at Hazeleigh (Raynor) ; larvae and pupae, July 

 2nd, 1898, in Leicestershire Woods (Dixon) ; larvae abundant between 

 Esher and Ripley first week in June, 1900 (Richards) ; June 4th, 1900, 

 two fullfed larvae at Stroud (Davis) ; larvae and pupae unusually abun- 

 dant, June 16th, 1900, in Owston Wood (Kaye) ; larvae, May 28th, 1901, 

 at Calverhall, near Whitchurch (Thornewill) ; larvae very, abundant in 

 June, 1901, at King's Lynn (Atmore) ; larvae on May 31st, 1902, at 

 Esher (Fleet) ; fullfed larvae June 1st, 1902, at Ashton Wold (N. C. 

 Rothschild) ; June 3rd, 1904, at Llandogo, pupated June 11th, 

 emerged July 2nd, 1904 (Bird) ; May 20th, 1905, and following days, 

 several taken at Llandogo and Tintern, they had all pupated by June 

 17th (Bird) ; young larvae, May 19th, 1905, at Hazeleigh (Raynor). 



Larva. — First insiar : This little larva is very like that of S. pruni 

 in colour, general outline, and facies, but differs in hairs and lenticles. 

 Like it, it is a dark brown (harmonising well with the colour of elm 

 twigs and buds), not 2mm. long, unless stretched, or after feeding. 

 The head is black, with brown jaws and pale mouth-parts and antennae. 

 There is one hair a little way above antennae (possibly others not 

 detected), but, broadly, the head is smooth, and polished, and hairless. 

 The dorsal crest of hairs consists of the setae of tubercles i and ii on 

 the ineso- and metathorax, and on the lst-6th abdominal segments, 

 with that of i (or ii) on the 7th ; i is a long curved hair (spiculated) 

 about 0*4mm. long, upstanding, but bent backwards, ii is shorter, 

 0*28mm. long, and is directed more backwards (posteriorly) so that 

 its end is parallel with the larva ; these are accompanied by a 

 minute hair (not more than 0*05mm.) directly in front of ii. There 

 are no skin-points between the bases of i and ii, but they are not con- 

 joined ; the tall bases spread out against the larval surface, with a 

 certain amount of division, into separate little flaps. On the meso- 

 thorax are a pair of hairs towards front margin, about l*6mm. long, 

 right away from, and internal to, i ; they are, however, possibly the same 

 hairs as the small accessory on other segments, as, on the 3rd thoracic, the 

 accessory is longer (0*1 lmm.) than those behind, and rather further 

 forwards in relation to i, i.e., it has some little approach to the size and 

 position of the special hair on the mesothorax. As associated lenticles, 

 there are, on the mesothorax, one in front of i and ii, or, otherwise, 

 below and a little behind the accessory already described ; on the 3rd 

 thoracic and lst-6th abdominal segments is a similar large lenticle 

 below i, but rather nearer to it than to the spiracle. If the correspon- 

 dence of the accessory hair on the mesothorax be accepted, the lenticle 

 on that segment would correspond with these, bearing much the same 

 relation to the accessory, but differently placed as regards i and ii. 

 On the 1st abdominal segment this lenticle is accompanied by another 

 below and behind it. No other segment has any trace of this second 

 lenticle. These lenticles may represent iii, but probably do not ; iii 

 is, therefore, quite wanting, no trace of hair or point being discover- 

 able. On the abdominal segments, below the spiracle, are four 

 flange hairs, two on middle of segment, one above the other, with 

 hairs nearly 0*2mni. long ; the other two, one above and in front, 

 the other below and behind, the upper of the two median ones ; these 

 have shorter hairs, little more than 0-lmm. ; below these are the two 

 small hairs above the legs ; these are on the same level and close 



