166 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



then line above (and here including) spiracle ; this lower portion in 

 this specimen is pale olive, between, darker olive; lateral line yellow; 

 undersurface still green. The tail narrows hardly appreciably from the 

 3rd abdominal, more rapidly from the 7th abdominal. The upper 

 surface of the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th abdominal segments is flat, 

 sloping backwards. Head black, well extended in ordinary larval 

 manner in this wandering example. (2) Another specimen is still in 

 proper plumage, and has a finer coloration than usual. It is green and 

 yellow in the usual arrangement. The red-brown is, however, more 

 extensive and picturesquely placed than usual. Thorax green, except 

 a median ruddy band. The dorsal ruddy band, between ridges, thence 

 onwards, has a median yellow line. The 6th abdominal segment is 

 almost entirely red, contrasting markedly with the two preceding 

 segments, which are normal, except a red spot at posterior angle above 

 lateral line ; the 6th abdominal segment has some yellow, inclining to 

 rather deep orange, in situations of triangle (i.e., between dorsal flange and 

 oblique line) ; the 7th is the same as 6th, except that the yellow is more 

 distinct in posterior part of triangle, where it is continuous with the 

 yellow and greenish-yellow of the 8th, 9th, and 10th abdominal 

 segments ; segments 8 and 9 have margin red, the dorsal band also 

 runs unbroken down the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th segments ; the lower 

 part of slope of the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments are red, as are the 

 adjacent portions of the metathorax and the 3rd abdominal ; on the 1st 

 abdominal segment, the outer aspect of the dorsal ridge is also red, and 

 joins the lower portion by a crooked band running down below 

 oblique line. The green band below oblique line begins with a 

 red spot on metathorax, and, on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th 

 abdominal segments, this is hardly pronounced enough to in- 

 validate the general normal colouring of these regions. As it sits 

 feeding the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th abdominal segments are strongly 

 crested or acuminate. The metathorax only rounded, and the 6th and 

 7th abdominal segments are so bent down as to make the rounded top or 

 ridge the posterior margin of a rather flat-topped segment. Altogether 

 this is a very handsome larva (Chapman, June 4th, 1905). The head is 

 very small, glabrous, and completely retractile within the 2nd segment, 

 the semicircular margin of which projects beyond it. The body is of that 

 shape usually described as onisciform or woodlouse-shaped, or, perhaps, 

 more correctly speaking, shaped like the genus of shells called Chiton^ 

 some of which may be occasionally found on all our seaside rocks. 

 The segmental divisions are clearly marked on the dorsal area; the 

 anterior margin of each is elevated ; the posterior margin is decidedly 

 waved, and overlapping the anterior margin of the next following 

 segment; the lateral margin of each segment is produced, and the 

 union of the ventral and dorsal areas takes place almost on a medio- 

 ventral line ; there is a mediodorsal furrow or channel which bisects 

 the elevated anterior margins of the dorsal segments, causing each 

 segment, from the 4th to the 11th, to bear two humps, or tubercles ; 

 these pairs of tubercles, seven in number, seem to bound the medio- 

 dorsal furrow, and render it more conspicuous; every part of the dorsal 

 area emits delicate hairs, which are more especially visible when the 

 larva is viewed sideways ; the head is black and shining, except a pale 

 whitish interspace between the lateral divisions; the dorsal area of the 

 body is dingy brown, approaching to red-brown on the sides, and to 



