EDWARDSIA W- ALBUM. 183 



ing the garden, at Ashgrove, Overton, in Flintshire (Perkins) ; in a 

 garden at Larkfield, Maidstone (Saxby) ; frequent in the garden at 

 Whitchurch (Bloom) ; occurs along the splendid avenue of wych-elms 

 at Gifford's Hall, Stoke-by-Nayland (Mathew) ; in gardens, surrounded 

 by elm-trees, around Buckingham (Slade) ; on the elm-trees along the 

 banks of the Wye (Patten) ; common in the lanes, between Esher and 

 Ripley, on wych-elms (Richards) ; in a lane, near the British Camp, 

 at Malvern (Sich) ; on the railway-bank, between Arley and Highley, 

 in the Birmingham district (Rossiter) ; in the roads, where wych-elms 

 grow, in the Painswick district (Watkins). At Ashton Wold, it does not 

 seem to be so strictly a wood-loving species as Strymon pruni and Ruralis 

 betulae, as I have occasionally caught specimens in the lanes away 

 from the woods, while, in Essex, I have taken the species abundantly, 

 from high wych-elms, that grow in a grass field, and it also occurred 

 in a similar locality, near Cambridge, some years ago. On one occasion, 

 I captured S. pruni and E. iv-albiun, the former worn, on the same 

 privet-bush, at Ashton W T old (N. C. Rothschild). It occurs not only in 

 Edlington Wood, but also in the adjoining lanes and field-sides 

 (Porritt). The species is taken sparingly in Sherwood Forest and 

 elsewhere in the north, but is locally abundant only in the south, of the 

 county of Notts (Carr). In the Wye Valley district, in Monmouth- 

 shire, I have rarely seen this species at 200ft., or 300ft., higher 

 than the river, but, among the wych-elms near the bottom of the 

 valley, it is to be found commonly (Bird). Arkle notes that w-album 

 occurs freely, locally, upon the wooded slopes near the village of Arthog, 

 was more abundant in 1905 than in 1904, and states that, in a 

 favoured open spot here, not a dozen yards across, a regular butterfly 

 corner, and full of flowering bramble, scabious, meadow-sweet, knap- 

 weed, and St. John's wort, in the blaze of a hot sun, he netted speci- 

 mens at his leisure, observing that they had a remarkable way of 

 ■dodging the net, especially when on bramble. 



British localities. — The distribution of this species in Britain 

 deserves careful study. It appears to be quite absent from Ireland, 

 and only Dumfries is recorded for Scotland, whilst its range in 

 England and Wales excludes the south-western, the western (except 

 the warm ocean-washed counties of Carnarvon, Flint, and Merioneth), 

 and extreme northern counties ; a line from the mouth of the Dovey 

 to Exeter, and another from the mouth of the Dee to the mouth 

 •of the Tees, would include, on the eastern side, all the recorded 

 habitats for this species, except Dumfries (Ent. Wk. Int., vi., p. 202). 

 Bedford : Bedford, Woburn (C. G. Barrett), Clapham (Gifford-Nash). Berks : local 

 and uncertain — Maidenhead, Reading (A. H. Clarke), Sonning, Burghfield, near 

 Beading (Bird), Ufton (Barnes), Bradfield (Young), Streatley, Lambourne (Blair), 

 Tubney, near Abingdon, Beading (Hamm), Windsor (Stephens). Bucks: Chalfont 

 Road (Ray ward), Buckingham (Slade), Chesham (Browne), Marlow (A. H. Clarke), 

 Stony Stratford rare (Foddy). Cambridge : generally distributed (Brown) — Madingley 

 Wood (Stephens), Dry Drayton (Walker), Cambridge (Rickard), Boxworth (Thorn- 

 hill), Conington (Peed). Carnarvon : Llandudno district (Harding). Cheshire : 

 rare — the Wyches, near Malpas(Wolley-Dod),Delamere(Nixon), Derbyshire : Darley. 

 Calke Abbey (Crewe), Cubiey (Greene), Burton-on-Trent district, Brizlingcote (Brown), 

 Seal Wood (Nowers), Repton (Sheldon), Repton Shrubs (Baker), Repton Wood 

 (Hill), Hoofies Wood (Gibbs). Dorset : Buckland Newton, one only (J. C. Dale), 

 Sherborne (Douglas). Dumfries: Dumfries (Lennon, Ent. Wk. Int., vi., p. 202). 

 Essex: appears to be wherever there is wych-elm, and generallydistributed(Harwood) — 

 Epping (Doubleday), Bergholt Woods, near Colchester (Harwood), Maldon (Fitch), 

 North Fambridge (Whittle), Stanstead (Spiller), Witham (Burnell), Beeleigh, 



