STRYMON PRUNI. 



215 



more or less separated threads, crossing over the back between the 1st 

 and 2nd abdominal segments. The girth sometimes impresses a line 

 across the wing. The following are the chief measurements of a pupa 

 under observation :— 



From front. 



lmm. 



3mm. 



4*5mm. 

 6mm. 



7mm. 

 10mm. 



Incision of prothorax with I 

 mesothorax . . . . j 



Spine on dorsum of meso- 

 thorax 



Thoracic -abdominal hollow 



Summit of 3rd abdominal [ 

 segment . . . . . . J 



End of wings 



End of pupa 



Width. 



3mm. 



3*7mm. 

 3 - 5mm. 

 4*8mm. 

 3* 4mm. 



Height. 



2*4mm. 



3'9mm. 

 3-3mm. 

 4*9mm. 

 3*5mm. 



The front of the pupa is the line between the head and antenna below, 

 and the prothorax above ; they unite at almost a sharp angle, so 

 that the nearly straight line thence to the thoracic spine ends very 

 close to the surface of attachment. There is a little fulness of the 

 prothorax on each side that might, with a little imagination, be 

 claimed as nose-spines, but that (in the Vanessids) nose-spines belong 

 to the head, not the prothorax. There are several roughnesses in the 

 region of the wing-spines, but nothing quite to be called a spine. 

 There is a dorsal spine on either side of the dorsum of the first 

 six abdominal segments. These are probably at the sites of ii. 

 They are weak on the 1st and 6th, and can hardly be said to exist 

 on the 7th or 8th abdominals, on the 2nd-4th they are as conspicuous 

 as those on the 3rd or 5th of many Vanessids : their summits 

 are, however, rounded. The roughness of surface is maintained by 

 two hollows on each segment, between the spines and the spiracles, 

 the depth of the hollow being apparently increased by the dark 

 coloration. The spiracles are on a short projection. The colora- 

 tion varies in the amount of black, which is, really, in spots and 

 marblings, overlying the brownish-ochreous ground colour. Some 

 are possibly white and black only (the wings and appendages no doubt 

 paler, as in other specimens). There is a patch of paler colour on 

 abdominal segments 4 and 5, against the hind margin of the wings. 

 The white colour claims the whole prothorax, the posterior slope of the 

 mesothoracic spine, and the whole of the metathorax, except a spot or 

 two, and the wing portion, these two portions together forming a large 

 white saddle. The appearance of roughness is much increased by the 

 mingling of ochreous and black over the whole dorsum. The white 

 portions have, perhaps, a trace of creamy tint, but white is fairly 

 correct. The wings and appendages are of a fairly uniform tint, brown 

 rather than ochreous ; they are practically not seen in the ordinary 

 positions of the pupa. The wings are very finely wrinkled (not netted), 

 and show, in the arrangement of the wrinkling, the venation and Poulton's 

 line, the latter some 0-3mm. from the hind margin. The face, which 

 is entirely ventral, has a central raised point on each side, that might 



