224 



BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



Blacbier says that it is found on hedges of sloe, by the sides of 

 roads, and in the clearings of woods ; it is found at the foot of the 

 Grand Saleve, a fine, overgrown, bushy piece of waste land, on the 

 outskirts of the wood, that covers the lower slopes of the mountain. 

 It is also recorded as occurring in the Valais, in the clearings of the 

 woods, both of the plain and the lower mountain district, resting on 

 bushes, like the rest of its congeners; at Martigny,. it occurs in 

 gardens (Favre) ; between Aigle and Sepey, it is found on the hedges 

 by the roadside (Wheeler). In France, it is reported as occurring in 

 woods and forests in the districts of Berry and Auvergne (Sand) ; on 

 the borders of woods, in the Doubs (Bruand) ; in clearings of woods, 

 in Morbihan (Griffith), the woods of the Aube (Jourdheuille), abundant 

 in the forests of Bondy and Wolckam (Villiers and Guenee), but 

 preferring gardens in Saone-et-Loire (Constant), hedges in the Basses- 

 Pyrenees (Rondou), etc. In the Baltic Provinces, it occurs in woods 

 of fir and deciduous trees mixed, with much undergrowth in the 

 clearings, and the lowlying parts pretty swampy (Nolcken). Speyer 

 himself records it as occurring in a garden within the city of 

 Florence, whilst Carrucio says " not infrequent on the low hills round 

 Modena," but Fiori mentions w-album only, and omits pruni, as a 

 native of Modena. Of its Asiatic habitats practically nothing is 

 known. Graeser says that those he caught near Pokrofka, were 

 found on the banks of a brook, on bushes of Prunus padus. 



British localities. — Exceedingly local and almost entirely con- 

 fined to a few midland counties of England. Bedford: Putnoc Lane, near 

 Bedford (Gifford-Nash). [Berks : Beaumont (Gardner, Ent., xviii., p. 268). Not 

 caught, therefore requires confirmation.] Bucks: north Bucks (Goss), Whittlebury 

 Forest (Foddy), Linford Wood, near Stoney Stratford (Thompson). [Derby: near 

 Chesterfield (Hind, Ent. Wk. Int., ix. p. 26.] Gloucester : Forest of Dean (F. D. 

 Wheeler), Morton-in-the-Marsh (Hopkins). [Hants : Isle of Wight — Freshwater 

 (Grant, Ent., xxi., p. 115), Petersfield (Robinson. The latter in error. Corrected 

 to R. betulae, Ent.,x. p. 303).] Hunts : Warboys Wood (teste Barrett), Monk's Wood 

 (Bower), St. Ives (Jagger), Overton Wood (Allis). [Leicester : Owston (Scott), Gum- 

 ley (Matthews). Both records almost certainly E. w-album.] [Monmouth : St. Julian's 

 Wood (Lock), certainly E. w-album.] Northampton: near Brington, very common 

 (Bell), Northampton (Hensman), near Peterborough (Pearson), the Hanglands, near 

 Peterborough (Whitwell), Ashton Wold (Rothschild), Rockingham, Kettering 

 (Sturgess), near Oundle, Barnwell Wold (Bree), Oundle (Bower) Tow- 

 cester (Clark). Rutland : Uppingham, abundant (Bell, Ent. Wk. Int., vi., 

 p. 172). Suffolk: Brandeston, one worn (Greene), [Playford (Greene teste 

 Newman).] [Warwick (recorded in Blatch's Handbook in error).] Worcester: 

 rare (Fletcher), Malvern district (Trans. Malv. Nat. Field Club, p. 176; Htus. Nat, 

 Hist. Worcester, p. 138), Kinver Edge (Wells). [Yorks : (recorded by Curtis, Brit. 

 Ent., v., fo. 265, in error, see Newman's Brit. Butts.).] Milton Wood, near 

 Doncaster (Henderson), no doubt this refers to E. w-album.] 



Distribution. — Central and northern Europe (except Polar region), 



north and central Italy, Dalmatia, Altai, Ussuri, Corea (Staudinger 



and Rebel). Asia: [Japan— Yezo, a single specimen (Pryer),] Corea (Fixsen), 

 Amur district — Pokrofka (Graeser), Sutschan district (Dorries), southwestern Altai 

 (Kindermann), Semipalatinsk (Grum-Grshimailo), Lower Ussuri (Fixsen), Vladi- 

 vostock (Ehves), Asia Minor — Beyrout (Mathew). Austro-Hungary : throughout, 

 sometimes rare (Hdfner) ; Bohemia and Moravia— Prague (Nickerl), Carlsbad, 

 abundant (Becher), Hans Heiling, Ewiges Leben, Schupfenwiese (Huttner), 

 Briinn, Obran, Kleiduwka, Ochos (Schneider), Nikolsburg (Fritsch) ; Upper 

 Austria, generally distributed (Brittinger) — Linz (Fritsch); Lower Austria, 

 generally distributed (Rossi) — above the Wienerwald (Schleicher), Hernstein 

 (Rogenhofer); Salzburg, confined to the lowlands and hill region, not rare (Richter) 

 Salzburg (Fritsch); Tyrol, the lower region, not abundant (Hinterwaldner) — 



