BITHYS QUERCftS. 267 



the oaks on the south side of the Hog's Back, near Guildford 

 (Swinton); and occurs in young oak plantations at Braunton (Riding) ; 

 in the Isle of Purbeck it is seldom met with, although oak is plentiful 

 (Bankes). Rothschild says that, in his experience in various localities, 

 solitary and low trees are generally the best. Barrett says that, in 

 Norfolk, it occurs on the outskirts of woods, and occasionally in fens. 

 In Ireland, it appears to be confined to the south and southwestern 

 parts, which have a mild and equable temperature, where the coast is 

 washed by the Gulf Stream (Kane). We have already noted it in some 

 of its French haunts (antea, p. 266) ; Rowland-Brown observed it at 

 Digne, in early August, 1903, in the woods above the great fountain, 

 still commoner on the rough ground at the top of the hill above the 

 cemetery, and here much attracted by the pods of a shrub covered 

 with honeydew ; our only experience of the species at Digne was in 

 that marvellous insect-haunt, the little glen with a stream for its path, 

 just beyond the " Baths," where almost all the insects of the district 

 sometimes appear to congregate. In Saone-et-Loire, it is reported as 

 very common, in the clearings and in the avenues of the large woods 

 (Constant) ; in woods and oak-scrub, also among ash and lime in the 

 Pyrenees (Rondou) ; on the edges of the oak-woods in the Alpes- 

 Maritimes (Milliere) ; Rowland-Brown took it in a copse of oak-trees 

 off the high road from Nice, about two miles from the village of 

 St. Martin Vesubie. It occurs in mixed pine- and oak-woods in the 

 Gironde (Trimoulet), the oak-woods of Berry and Auvergne (Sand), in 

 the forests, woods, and thickets of the lowlands of the Doubs (Bruand), 

 throughout the oak-woods of Aube (Jourdheuille), and of the Eure, 

 flying swiftly around the oaks (Dupont), and among the young oaks in 

 the Pare Maison Lafitte (Walker). In Italy, we have so far only seen 

 it in Piedmont — at Crissolo and Susa — in mixed woods of oak and 

 chestnut on mountain slopes, at about 3000ft. elevation, and Norris 

 notes similar ground in the neighbourhood of the Certosa di Pesio. 

 Marott says that it occurs in the oak-woods of Ficuzza, and Failla- 

 Tedaldi, that it extends up to 1 500 metres in the oak-woods of the Madonie 

 mountains in Sicily. In Belgium, it is widely distributed in the oak- 

 woods of the greater part of the country ; it is also especially fond of oaks 

 growing in avenues, and is found in the clearings of woods, and on the edges 

 of forests (Lambillion). Walker notes it as being somewhat scarce in 

 the Gibraltar district, where it is taken sparingly among Quercus 

 lasitanica in the stone-pine plantation — commonly known as the 

 "First Pine Wood" — about a mile north of San Roque ; Lang says 

 that it occurs in the cork-woods near Gibraltar, and Cuni y Martorell 

 in the oak-woods of Monserrat. Miss Fountaine records it as swarming 

 in the oak-woods west of Sebclou, early in August, 1904. The only 

 note we have of its habitat in Asia Minor is to the effect that it occurs 

 in the pine-forest above the old Sivas road, near Tokat (Fountaine). 

 In Bulgaria, Mrs. Nicholl found it in the Balkans, on the pass of 

 Ginec, and among the forests on the limestone slopes, between here 

 and Lom-Palanka, on the Danube. In Roumania, Caradja says that 

 it occurs locally throughout the oak districts, as it also does in the 

 surrounding countries, but that, owing to the absence of oak, it 

 does not occur in the steppes of southern Russia at all. In 

 Germany, as in Britain, it is particularly attached to oak-woods, 

 being found throughout the plains and hilly districts of this country 



