282 



BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



they show really little difference from European specimens ; on the 

 whole, perhaps, the underside is a trifle lighter, and generally the 

 white spots on the underside are absent. Elwes reports {Trans. Ent. 

 Soc. Loud.) that, at Ongoda.i, Jacobson caught several specimens, not 

 differing from European ones, except that the females show a little 

 less yellow in the forewing. There are a number of the Ongodai 

 examples in the British Museum collection, and these, in comparison 

 with the other examples there, show distinct racial characters, and 

 we have named this form as : 



a var. ongodai, n. var. — 3 s particularly dark and sooty, with well-marked, 

 discoidal lunule, no pale shading on forewings, and the two spots, one at the base 

 of caudiil appendage, the other at anal angle, pale orange in tint. The ? s of same 

 size, dark, the orange band very narrow and restricted, dark nervures passing 

 through. Fringes of all wings particularly white, undersides (especially of 3 ) 

 particularly pale, in the 3 pale yellow-ochreous. The Ongodai examples form 

 quite a local race. About the same size as British specimens. 



/3. var. crassa, Leech, " Butts. China," ii., p. 384, pi. xxviii., fig. ii (1894) ;. 

 Staud., " Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 71 (1901). — 3 . Agrees exactly in colour with dark 

 specimens of the same sex from Europe, but the tails are longer and more slender. 

 ? . Differs only from European examples of the same sex in having longer tails. 

 On the under surface there is no difference, except that the black spot above the 

 tail is always distinct, and the outer transverse line of secondaries is rather less 

 angulated. Expanse, c? 54inm. ; ? 56mm. This form occurs at Moupin, western 

 China, in July (Leech). 



This form is only noted by Staudinger (Cat., 3rd ed., p. 71) as 

 " longius caudata." To us it appears a very striking race, of large 

 size, and good colour. The examples in the British Museum collection 

 from Moupin, captured by Kricheldorff, are very large in both sexes, 

 the males very dark fuscous, as large as the females, no pale markings, 

 the tails of hindwings well-developed, the orange-red marks at anal 

 angle and base of tail of hindwings not specially strongly marked. 

 The females also very dark, the orange patch of forewings exceedingly 

 richly coloured, but not occupying more than the usual percentage of 

 space ; dark nervures crossing through it ; the tails of hindwings 

 strongly developed, the orange-red patches at anal angle and 

 base of tail well-marked ; also a small black streak just above base 

 of tail (in next interneural space) parallel with hindmargin. The 

 underside also well-marked, that of males of rather deep ground 

 colour, the white line on forewings rather weak, on the hindwings 

 pretty well-developed; the groundcolour of the females nearly orange- 

 brown ; in the specimens in the British Museum collection there is 

 great difference in the size of the dark triangular shade hanging from 

 the costa ; the white line on the forewings ill-developed, on the hind- 

 wings well-developt d, as also is the red marginal band ; the black 

 anal spot and the one just ab^ve the base of the tail also well-marked. 



y. var. (an. spec.) elwesi, Leech, " Ent.," xxiii., p. 39 (1890); " Butts. China," ii.,. 

 p. 384, pi. xxviii., fig. 8 ? (1894). — Expanse 50mm. Male fuscous-brown, the 

 discal area of primaries tinged with reddish-orange, especially behind the black 

 bar which closes the discoidal cell. Secondaries with some black spots and 

 orange marks on outer margin at anal angle; tail reddish-orange, edged 

 will) black and tipped with white. Under-surface sandy-brown, dusky 

 discoidal bar edged with white, followed by an oblique triangular streak 

 darker than the ground colour and bordered on each side by a white-edged 

 dark line; a dusky line, edged externally with paler, parallel with outer margin; 

 secondaries with two white central transverse lines, the first edged externally with 

 dusky, and not extending beyond the median nervuro, 1 he second slightly wavy, 

 bordered internally with dusky, and curved inwards beyond the second median. 



