352 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



a reddish dorsal line and oblique streaks on the sides. It will be 

 observed that the Indian and African forms are described without red 

 on the dorsum, whilst the European, Australian, and Pacific Islands' 

 forms have larvae more or less marked with red. 



Foodplants. — Apparently almost polyphagous on the flowers and 

 young fruit of leguminous plants — Colutea arborescens (Reaumur), 

 Phaca boetica (Rambur), Spartium junceum (Zeller), tllex nanus, 

 Adenocarpus intermedins (Chapman), Spartium scoparium, Genista sp. ? 

 (Stefanelli), Medicago sativa (Norris), Lupinus niutabilis (Andre), Pisum 

 sativum, in confinement (Reaumur), Lotus corniculatus, in confinement 

 (Chapman), cultivated runner-beans with white flowers, ? wisteria 

 (Powell) ; Phaseolus vulgaris, Sarothamnus sp. ? (Walker) ; a cul- 

 tivated bean with long narrow pods (Zeller). Lablab beans 

 (Dolichos lablab), sp. of broom, and Colutea sp.? (in the Lebanon) 

 (Graves), Vigna sinensis, Bersim clover (Trifolium sp.) (Willcocks), 

 Pisum, sativum, and sweet pea (in gardens in Egypt), Astragalus sp. ?, 

 vetches sp. ? (in the Egyptian deserts) (Graves). Dolichos cultratus, 

 unfolded leaves, flowers, and young pods (in Japan) (Pryer). 

 Crotalaria striata (in India) (Niceville), Crotalaria labumifolia (Ceylon) 

 (Green). Phaseolus vulgaris (in Sumatra) (Martin). A yellow-flowered 

 Cassia (sp.?) (at Hong-Kong) (Walker). Crotalaria capensis (South 

 Africa) (T rime a). Melilotus sp. ? (in Hawaiian Islands) (Blackburn). 

 Swainsonia, Baptisia, Adenocarpus, Dolichos, etc. (in Australia) 

 (Anderson). [Rosemary (Cuni y Martorell) wants confirmation.] 



Parasites. — The larva of L. boeticus is rarely ichneumoned (in 

 southern France); I have been able, however, to observe two larvae which 

 had been attacked by a parasite. Twelve or fifteen days after their 

 transformation, which had taken place about the middle of September, 

 this parasite came out to the number of fourteen or fifteen individuals 

 from the body of each larva, and gave me the perfect insect. I refer 

 it to Microgaster glomeratus (Milliere). The larvae, in 18-47, in the 

 Chartres district, were in many cases stung and destroyed by a Chalcid 

 parasite (Bellier de la Chavignerie). Alcimus stenurus, Loew, 2 > was bred 

 from a larva of L. boeticus, December 29th, 1900, at Umtali, Mashona- 

 land; 3700ft. (G. A. K. Marshall). 



Pupation. — Baker, who reared some 200 imagines from larvae in 

 1900 and 1904, states that, in his experience, the larva never pupates 

 in the seedpod in which it has fed, nor does it suspend itself m any 

 way, but changes to pupa on the ground of the breeding-cage, 

 among, or rather on, the surface of the moss and soil (in litt.). 

 Reaumur, who bred this species in 1736, observes (MSmoires, ii., 

 pp. 431-2) that two of the larvae he had, fastened themselves 

 against the sides of the box in which they were reared, after the 

 manner of the " cloportes " larvae previously described (Edwardsia 

 w-album, etc.), and changed into pupae, about equal on either side of the 

 band by which they were supported, the pupal stage lasting from August 

 2nd to the 14th, and from August 5th to the 16th respectively. Chapman 

 says that the fullfed larva is loosely fastened to a silken pad by its tail 

 or cast skin, although it has no cremastral hooks, and is also supported 

 by a median girth, the latter, however, only consisting of some four 

 to six threads, across the metathorax or 1st abdominal segment. He 

 adds : " The remarkable circumstance that this pupa suspends itself by a 

 girth, albeit a poor one, yet has no cremastral hooks, requires to be eluci- 



