LAMPIDES BOETICUS. 373 



commonly in flowery places, and especially in fields of kidney-beans on 

 the cliffs at Port Baklar, about twelve miles from Gallipoli, the road 

 between the two passing through the famous lines of Bulair (J. J. 

 Walker). In Malta, it is not uncommon with Polyowmatus icarus 

 in the wieds or deep narrow valleys scooped out of the rock by the 

 torrential rains, and which are the principal home of the native 

 vegetation of Malta (Fletcher). It also occurs throughout Corsica, and 

 is noted as being abundant on the broom, between Vizzavona and 

 Tattone, in July, 1903, the plant at this time being radiant with a 

 wealth of golden blossom (Kowland-Brown). It is recorded as common 

 in the Brindisi district, being observed in August, 1897, in a field of 

 French beans, in the valley beyond Ponte Grande, where numerous 

 wild flowers, especially fleabane and aster, grow in masses (Mathew). 

 Zeller notes its haunts in Catania as being among the Spartium growing 

 in the lava beds there ; at Pompeii on the same plant growing among 

 the beds of scoriae, etc., whilst in Tuscany, Lucca, etc., meadows, 

 gardens, woods, etc., are chosen. It appears to be widely distributed 

 throughout Spain, and occurs all round Gibraltar, having been taken 

 even on the summit of the "Rock," near the Signal Station. It occurs 

 at Granada, on a ridge about four miles in length, one mile in width, 

 and 3000ft. in height, falling in steep and well- wooded declivities to 

 the Darro, on the north, and in broken precipices and rocky glens 

 to the Genal, on the south ; it was also found in great numbers from 

 mid-May to the end of July, 1897, in the Barcelona district, and in 

 central Spain from sea-level to 5000ft. elevation (Nicholl), whilst, also, 

 throughout the Barcelona district, it is reported to fly during the 

 greater part of the year in dry torrent-beds, frequenting broom and 

 other plants (Cuni y Martorell) ; it is recorded as occurring in the 

 Jucar glen near Tragacete, on abandoned patches, that had, at one 

 time, been cultivated, and are now covered with a thick crop of a tall, 

 yellow -flowered, ill-smelling sage that grows solitarily elsewhere, and 

 seems to be immensely attractive to butterflies, which rest on them 

 in thousands and tens of thousands, a sight to take its place in the 

 memory with the most notable swarms of insects that we have ever 

 seen (Chapman) ; it is also distributed over the La Gran j a district, 

 and is particularly abundant on slopes about 2000ft. in height, covered 

 with broom, cistus, and other shrubby plants (Sheldon). It would 

 appear that, in the warmer northern valleys of the Pyrenees, the 

 butterfly has an almost permanent home just as it has south of the range, 

 e.fj., Rondou says that the insect is common in the Hautes-Pyrenees ; 

 Chapman observes that it is abundant in a series of wooded hollows or 

 swamps a mile or so inland from Guethary, where it flies freely among 

 furze, evidently its foodplant here ; Nicholson says that it occurs on 

 heathy ground to the south of Biarritz, and in the marsh near the 

 Statten. It is just possible that it is able to maintain a permanent 

 existence in the warm corners of the French Riviera, of Italy generally, 

 and of the Balkan peninsula, but north of these points its habitats are 

 largely governed by chance, and warm, sunny spots where Colutea 

 arborescens grows, or gardens with an abundance of leguminous plants 

 — lupins, peas, beans, etc. — are its usual habitats. Thus in Piedmont 

 we found it fairly commonly in a small, sheltered, sun-baked valley at the 

 back of Susa, flying over the Colutea bushes. In one of its specially 

 favourable years, 1900, we saw it on the warm Gresy hills, where also 



