382 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



abruptly, widening considerably at the base. Viewed from above elliptical, about 

 equally rounded in front and behind, covered with minute dots, which a closer 

 inspection shows to be made up of a raised centre from which radiate six nearly 

 horizontal, very short, rays, and from the centre a rather short hair ; these are so 

 thickly distributed as to give the appearance of a dense pile ; provided also with a 

 laterodorsal row of rather long hairs, four or five times longer, arising from simple 

 papilla, and with similar long hairs at either extremity of the body and along the 

 ventrostigmatal fold. Vesicle of 7th, and lateral caruncles of 8th, abdominal 

 segments present. Claws of legs long and very slender, heeled at the base, tapering, 

 very gently curved ; last joint of legs long and slender, equal ; prole#s armed at 

 the tip with a double, curving row of hooklets, about eighteen i-n number, very 

 long and very slender, scarcely tapering, curving strongly and regularly, the tip 

 bluntly pointed. 



Pupa : Scarcely more than twice as long as broad ; viewed from above, 

 the sides are straight from the basal wing-tubercle to the middle of the ab- 

 domen, but diverging a little, so that the body is considerably broader at 

 the latter place ; the basal wing-tubercle scarcely breaks the continuity of the line 

 forward, where it is well-arched, the front a little appressed ; the posterior half of 

 the abdomen has an elliptic curve, forming an arch whose height and breadth at 

 base are equal. Viewed laterally, the thorax is highest in the middle of the 

 posterior half of the mesothorax, scarcely falling posteriorly, in front curving at 

 first a little more rapidly, and then directed about equally downward and forward, 

 in nearly a straight line, to the front of the thorax. Abdomen highest, and very 

 little higher than the thorax at the third segment, on either side of it for an equal 

 distance, in front to the extremity, very broadly arched, beyond this point, 

 posteriorly, curving very rapidly downward, so as to be perpendicular at the junction 

 of the 8th and 9th segments, and below this curved a little forward; transversely, 

 the middle of the thorax has the sides sloped toward each other at an angle of 80°, 

 scarcely or not at all hollowed in the middle, the sides below, and the summit 

 equally and rather broadly rounded ; transversely the abdomen is regularly 

 rounded, formimg a perfect semicircle ; the tongue exposed three-fifths way to tip 

 of antennae, interposed between the inner edges of the legs; basal wing-prominence 

 consisting of a very slight, rounded elevation. Body covered with a delicate, 

 raised, interrupted network of lines, continuous in a transverse direction, not 

 elevated at the intersection ; surface between traversed by exceedingly delicate, 

 impressed lines of varying depth, and furnished here and there with a wart bearing 

 a straight, erect, short, tapering hair. Hooklets of cremaster very short and 

 exceedingly slender, the stem equal and nearly straight, the apical lobe bent 

 suddenly over and strongly appressed to the stalk, transversely ovate, broadest 

 apically. 



Of the neuration, de Niceville notes (Butterflies of India, iii., p. 92): 



In the forewing the costal nervure ends exactly opposite the apex of the 

 discoidal cell ; the 1st subcostal nervule in the type species is free from the costal 

 nervure (in a male of G. transpectus, Moore, it lies along, and touches, the costal 

 nervure for some little distance, while in a female of the same species it lies close 

 to, but is free from, that nervure); 2nd subcostal with its base half as far from the 

 base of the 1st subcostal as from the base of the upper discoidal ; 3rd subcostal 

 rather short, emitted from the subcostal nervure about midway between the apex 

 of the wing and the base of the discoidal. The eyes are hairy. 



De Niceville adds (op. cit.) that this genus is very near that of Lyeaena, 

 Fab. ( = our Plebeiidi and Lycaenidi). As far as the neuration goes, it 

 is probable that, if all the species of both were examined, no constant 

 character between them would be found. It is quite clear, therefore, 

 that the division of the group into genera must be based on other and 

 less uniform structures, e.g., genitalia, etc. 



The importance of the genitalic structures in the species of this 

 tribe is very great. Whilst the specific differences exhibited in the 

 structure of the genitalia in distinct species are most marked, the 

 variation within the limits of the same species, however widely 

 separated geographically the forms may be, is exceedingly small. 

 Hence Chapman and Bethune-Baker have been able to assert that the 



